Amino acid metabolism

Wang L, Liu M, Lv YG, Zhang H. Purification of calmodulin from rice bran and activation of glutamate decarboxylase by Ca2+/calmodulin. J Sci Food Agric. 2010 Mar 15;90(4):669–75. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.3866. PMID: 20355097.; Bouché N, Fait A, Bouchez D, Møller SG, Fromm H. Mitochondrial succinic-semialdehyde dehydrogenase of the gamma-aminobutyrate shunt is required to restrict levels of reactive oxygen intermediates in plants. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 May 27;100(11):6843–8. PMID: 12740438; PMCID: PMC164534.; Park S-, Cho Y-. Identification of Functionally Important Residues of Arabidopsis thaliana S-Adenosylmethionine Decarboxylase. Journal of Biochemistry. 1999 Dec 01;126(6):996–1003. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a022568.; Busch KB, Fromm H. Plant succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase. Cloning, purification, localization in mitochondria, and regulation by adenine nucleotides. Plant Physiol. 1999 Oct;121(2):589–97. PMID: 10517851; PMCID: PMC59422.; Snedden WA, Koutsia N, Baum G, Fromm H. Activation of a Recombinant Petunia Glutamate Decarboxylase by Calcium/Calmodulin or by a Monoclonal Antibody Which Recognizes the Calmodulin Binding Domain. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 1996 Feb;271(8):4148–53. doi: 10.1074/jbc.271.8.4148.; Chen Y, Baum G, Fromm H. The 58-Kilodalton Calmodulin-Binding Glutamate Decarboxylase Is a Ubiquitous Protein in Petunia Organs and Its Expression Is Developmentally Regulated. Plant Physiol. 1994 Dec;106(4):1381–7. PMID: 12232415; PMCID: PMC159676.

Metabolites

(S)-2-Aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

Formula: C6H10O4 (146.057906)

CAS ID: 113919-07-6

(S)-2-Acetolactate

Formula: C5H8O4 (132.0422568)

CAS ID: 71698-08-3

1-Pyrroline

Formula: C4H7N (69.0578462)

CAS ID: 5724-81-2

1,3-Diaminopropane

Formula: C3H10N2 (74.084394)

CAS ID: 109-76-2

3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate

Formula: C9H8O4 (180.0422568)

CAS ID: 156-39-8

3-Aminopropanal

Formula: C3H7NO (73.0527612)

CAS ID: 352-92-1

3-Dehydroshikimate

Formula: C7H8O5 (172.0371718)

CAS ID: 2922-42-1

3-Hydroxypropanoate

Formula: C3H6O3 (90.0316926)

CAS ID: 503-66-2

3-Hydroxypropionyl-CoA

Formula: C24H40N7O18P3S (839.136333)

CAS ID: 157786-88-4

4-Aminobutyraldehyde

Formula: C4H9NO (87.0684104)

CAS ID: 4390-05-0

4-Phospho-L-aspartate

Formula: C4H8NO7P (213.0038388)

CAS ID: 22138-53-0

5,6-Dihydrouracil

Formula: C4H6N2O2 (114.04292559999999)

CAS ID: 504-07-4

5'-Methylthioadenosine

Formula: C11H15N5O3S (297.089556)

CAS ID: 2457-80-9

Acetaldehyde

Formula: C2H4O (44.0262134)

CAS ID: 75-07-0

Acetate

Formula: C2H4O2 (60.0211284)

CAS ID: 64-19-7

Acetoacetate

Formula: C4H6O3 (102.0316926)

CAS ID: 541-50-4

Adenine

Formula: C5H5N5 (135.054493)

CAS ID: 73-24-5

Adenosine

Formula: C10H13N5O4 (267.09674980000005)

CAS ID: 58-61-7

Aminoacetone

Formula: C3H7NO (73.0527612)

CAS ID: 298-08-8

Ammonia

Formula: NH3 (17.0265478)

CAS ID: 7664-41-7

Anthranilate

Formula: C7H7NO2 (137.0476762)

CAS ID: 118-92-3

beta-Alaninebetaine

Formula: C6H13NO2 (131.0946238)

CAS ID: 6458-06-6

Betaine

Formula: C5H11NO2 (117.0789746)

CAS ID: 107-43-7

Betaine aldehyde

Formula: C5H12NO (102.0918842)

CAS ID: 7418-61-3

Cadaverine

Formula: C5H14N2 (102.1156924)

CAS ID: 462-94-2

Canavanine

Formula: C5H12N4O3 (176.0909362)

CAS ID: 543-38-4

Carbamoyl phosphate

Formula: CH4NO5P (140.9827104)

CAS ID: 590-55-6

Choline

Formula: C5H14NO (104.10753340000001)

CAS ID: 62-49-7

Chorismate

Formula: C10H10O6 (226.04773600000001)

CAS ID: 617-12-9

CO2

Formula: CO2 (43.98983)

CAS ID: 124-38-9

Cystathionine

Formula: C7H14N2O4S (222.0674244)

CAS ID: 535-34-2

Fumarate

Formula: C4H4O4 (116.01095839999999)

CAS ID: 110-17-8

Glutathione

Formula: C10H17N3O6S (307.08380220000004)

CAS ID: 70-18-8

Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

Formula: C3H7O6P (169.9980252)

CAS ID: 591-59-3

H+

Formula: H (1.0078246)

CAS ID: 12408-02-5

H2O

Formula: H2O (18.0105642)

CAS ID: 7732-18-5

Hydrogen cyanide

Formula: CHN (27.010898599999997)

CAS ID: 74-90-8

Hydrogen peroxide

Formula: H2O2 (34.0054792)

CAS ID: 7722-84-1

Indole

Formula: C8H7N (117.0578462)

CAS ID: 120-72-9

L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde

Formula: C4H7NO3 (117.0425912)

CAS ID: 2338-03-6

L-Glutamyl 5-phosphate

Formula: C5H10NO7P (227.019488)

CAS ID: 13254-53-0

L-Histidinal

Formula: C6H9N3O (139.0745584)

CAS ID: 23784-15-8

L-Histidinol

Formula: C6H11N3O (141.09020759999999)

CAS ID: 4836-52-6

L-Homocysteine

Formula: C4H9NO2S (135.0353974)

CAS ID: 6027-13-0

L-Homoserine

Formula: C4H9NO3 (119.0582404)

CAS ID: 672-15-1

Lipoamide

Formula: C8H15NOS2 (205.05950199999998)

CAS ID: 940-69-2

Methylglyoxal

Formula: C3H4O2 (72.0211284)

CAS ID: 78-98-8

N-Acetyl-L-glutamate

Formula: C7H11NO5 (189.0637196)

CAS ID: 1188-37-0

N-Acetylornithine

Formula: C7H14N2O3 (174.1004374)

CAS ID: 6205-08-9

NADP+

Formula: C21H29N7O17P3 (744.0832754)

CAS ID: 53-59-8

NADPH

Formula: C21H30N7O17P3 (745.0911)

CAS ID: 2646-71-1

Nitric oxide

Formula: NO (29.997989)

CAS ID: 10102-43-9

O-Acetyl-L-homoserine

Formula: C6H11NO4 (161.0688046)

CAS ID: 7540-67-2

O-Acetyl-L-serine

Formula: C5H9NO4 (147.0531554)

CAS ID: 5147-00-2

O-Phospho-L-homoserine

Formula: C4H10NO6P (199.024573)

CAS ID: 4210-66-6

Oxygen

Formula: O2 (31.98983)

CAS ID: 7782-44-7

Phenylacetaldehyde

Formula: C8H8O (120.0575118)

CAS ID: 122-78-1

Phenylethyl alcohol

Formula: C8H10O (122.07316100000001)

CAS ID: 60-12-8

Phenylpyruvate

Formula: C9H8O3 (164.0473418)

CAS ID: 156-06-9

Phosphoribosyl-AMP

Formula: C15H23N5O14P2 (559.0716718)

CAS ID: 1109-75-7

Propenoyl-CoA

Formula: C24H38N7O17P3S (821.1257688000001)

CAS ID: 5776-58-9

S-Methyl-L-methionine

Formula: C6H14NO2S (164.0745204)

CAS ID: 6708-35-6

Shikimate

Formula: C7H10O5 (174.052821)

CAS ID: 138-59-0

Shikimate 3-phosphate

Formula: C7H11O8P (254.0191536)

CAS ID: 63959-45-5

Sulfate

Formula: H2SO4 (97.9673812)

CAS ID: 7664-93-9

Sulfur

Formula: S (31.972072)

CAS ID: 7704-34-9

Uracil

Formula: C4H4N2O2 (112.02727639999999)

CAS ID: 66-22-8

Urea

Formula: CH4N2O (60.0323614)

CAS ID: 57-13-6

Thiocyanate

Formula: CNS (57.975145999999995)

CAS ID: 302-04-5

L-argininium(1+)

Formula: C6H15N4O2 (175.119495)

CAS ID: 17806-42-7

L-2-Amino-6-oxohexanoic acid

Formula: C6H11NO3 (145.0738896)

CAS ID: 1962-83-0

formate

Formula: CHO2 (44.997654600000004)

CAS ID: 71-47-6

oxaloacetate(2-)

Formula: C4H2O5 (129.9902242)

CAS ID: 149-63-3

2-oxoglutarate(2-)

Formula: C5H4O5 (144.00587339999998)

CAS ID: 64-15-3

succinate(2-)

Formula: C4H4O4 (116.01095839999999)

CAS ID: 56-14-4

butenedioate

Formula: C4H2O4 (113.99530920000001)

CAS ID: 17013-01-3

homogentisate

Formula: C8H7O4 (167.0344322)

CAS ID:

pyruvate

Formula: C3H3O3 (87.00821880000001)

CAS ID: 57-60-3

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate

Formula: C9H7O4 (179.0344322)

CAS ID: 622-54-8

propionate

Formula: C3H5O2 (73.028953)

CAS ID: 72-03-7

sulfite

Formula: O3S (79.956817)

CAS ID: 14265-45-3

cyanate

Formula: CNO (41.997989)

CAS ID: 71000-82-3

NADPH(4-)

Formula: C21H26N7O17P3 (741.0598016)

CAS ID: 53-57-6

ATP(4-)

Formula: C10H12N5O13P3 (502.9644492)

CAS ID:

GTP(4-)

Formula: C10H12N5O14P3 (518.9593642)

CAS ID: 86527-72-2

NAD(1-)

Formula: C21H26N7O14P2 (662.1012936000001)

CAS ID: 53-84-9

ADP(3-)

Formula: C10H12N5O10P2 (424.0059412)

CAS ID:

NADP(3-)

Formula: C21H25N7O17P3 (740.051977)

CAS ID: 53-59-8

L-lysinium(1+)

Formula: C6H15N2O2 (147.113347)

CAS ID: 56-87-1

hydrosulfide

Formula: HS (32.979896600000004)

CAS ID: 15035-72-0



Enzyme

EC Number name full name note
1.5.3.-
1.1.1.23 histidinol dehydrogenase L-histidinol:NAD+ oxidoreductase
1.1.1.35 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (S)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA:NAD+ oxidoreductase
1.13.11.5 homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase homogentisate:oxygen 1,2-oxidoreductase (decyclizing)
1.14.13.39 nitric-oxide synthase (NADPH) L-arginine,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (nitric-oxide-forming)
1.2.1.24 succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+) succinate-semialdehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase
1.2.1.41 glutamate-5-semialdehyde dehydrogenase L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde:NADP+ 5-oxidoreductase (phosphorylating)
1.3.8.4 isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase 3-methylbutanoyl-CoA:electron-transfer flavoprotein oxidoreductase
1.4.7.1 glutamate synthase (ferredoxin) L-glutamate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (transaminating)
2.1.1.7 nicotinate N-methyltransferase S-adenosyl-L-methionine:nicotinate N-methyltransferase
2.3.1.1 amino-acid N-acetyltransferase acetyl-CoA:L-glutamate N-acetyltransferase
2.3.1.35 glutamate N-acetyltransferase N2-acetyl-L-ornithine:L-glutamate N-acetyltransferase
2.4.2.17 ATP phosphoribosyltransferase 1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-ATP:diphosphate phospho-alpha-D-ribosyl-transferase
2.6.1.13 ornithine aminotransferase L-ornithine:2-oxo-acid aminotransferase
2.7.2.11 glutamate 5-kinase ATP:L-glutamate 5-phosphotransferase
3.5.3.1 arginase L-arginine amidinohydrolase
4.1.1.20 diaminopimelate decarboxylase meso-2,6-diaminoheptanedioate carboxy-lyase (L-lysine-forming)
4.2.1.17 enoyl-CoA hydratase (3S)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA hydro-lyase
4.4.1.28 L-cysteine desulfidase L-cysteine sulfide-lyase (deaminating; pyruvate-forming)
5.1.1.7 diaminopimelate epimerase LL-2,6-diaminoheptanedioate 2-epimerase
5.1.2.3 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA epimerase 3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA 3-epimerase
5.3.1.23 S-methyl-5-thioribose-1-phosphate isomerase S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose-1-phosphate aldose-ketose-isomerase
5.3.3.8 DELTA3-DELTA2-enoyl-CoA isomerase (3Z/3E)-alk-3-enoyl-CoA (2E)-isomerase
6.3.1.2 glutamine synthetase L-glutamate:ammonia ligase (ADP-forming)
6.3.5.4 asparagine synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing) L-aspartate:L-glutamine amido-ligase (AMP-forming)


Proteins

Protein ID name full name