Urea (BioCAD00000019202)

blood breast milk cellular cytoplasm cerebrospinal fluid (csf) feces saliva sweat urine epidermis kidney liver placenta prostate plant natural products microbial natural products

Metabolite Card

Formula: CH4N2O (60.0324)
SMILES: NC(N)=O

Synonyms [en]

urea; carbamide; carmol; basodexan; Karbamid; Harnstoff

Reviewed

Last reviewed on 2024-06-28.

Cite this Page

Urea. 数据之源，洞见之始. SMRUCC genomics institute, a synthetic life researcher from China. https://biocad_registry.innovation.ac.cn/s/(-)-arctiin (retrieved 2026-01-03) (CAD Registry RN: BioCAD00000019202). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).

Note

Urea is a highly soluble organic compound formed in the liver from ammonia produced by the deamination of amino acids. It is the principal end product of protein catabolism and constitutes about one half of the total urinary solids. Urea is formed in a cyclic pathway known simply as the urea cycle. In this cycle, amino groups donated by ammonia and L-aspartate are converted to urea. Urea is essentially a waste product; it has no physiological function. It is dissolved in blood (in humans in a concentration of 2.5 - 7.5 mmol/liter) and excreted by the kidney in the urine. In addition, a small amount of urea is excreted (along with sodium chloride and water) in human sweat. Urea is found to be associated with primary hypomagnesemia, which is an inborn error of metabolism.

Extracellular Mitochondria
Entity Information

DBLinks

Other DBLinks
  • CAS Registry Number: 3138-51-0
  • CAS Registry Number: 37955-36-5
  • CAS Registry Number: 4401-74-5
  • CAS Registry Number: 4744-36-9
  • CAS Registry Number: 57-13-6
  • CAS Registry Number: 58069-82-2
  • PubChem: 1176
  • PubChem: 636363
  • ChEBI: ChEBI:16199
  • ChEBI: ChEBI:32285
  • HMDB: HMDB0000294
  • HMDB: HMDB00294
  • KEGG: C00086
  • KEGG: C00086 D00023 D03385
  • BioCyc: UREA
  • NCBI MeSH: Urea
  • Wikipedia: Urea
  • DrugBank: DB03904
  • DrugBank: DB09510
  • RefMet: RM0117395
  • MoNA: EMBL_MCF_2_0_HRMS_Library000001
  • MoNA: FiehnHILIC000834
  • MoNA: FiehnLib000352
  • MoNA: HMDB0000294_c_ms_989
  • MoNA: HMDB0000294_ms_ms_498
  • MoNA: HMDB0000294_ms_ms_499
  • MoNA: HMDB0000294_ms_ms_500
  • MoNA: JP011641
  • MoNA: MT000006
  • MoNA: OUF00484
  • Metlin: METLIN_6
  • Coconut NaturalProduct: CNP0520286.0

Class / Ontology

Metabolic Network
ID EC Number Name
KEGG:R00131 3.5.1.5 urea amidohydrolase
KEGG:R00551 3.5.3.1 L-arginine amidinohydrolase
KEGG:R00774 6.3.4.6 urea:carbon-dioxide ligase (ADP-forming)
KEGG:R00775 3.5.3.2 guanidinoacetate amidohydrolase
KEGG:R00776 4.3.2.3 (S)-ureidoglycolate urea-lyase (glyoxylate-forming)
KEGG:R00777 3.5.3.14 N-amidino-L-aspartate amidinohydrolase
KEGG:R00778 4.2.1.69 urea hydro-lyase (cyanamide-forming)
KEGG:R00913 3.5.3.17 3-guanidinopropanoate amidinopropionase
KEGG:R01157 3.5.3.11 agmatine amidinohydrolase
KEGG:R01418 3.5.3.20 1,4-diguanidinobutane amidinohydrolase
KEGG:R01566 3.5.3.3 creatine amidinohydrolase
KEGG:R01589 3.5.3.16 methylguanidine amidinohydrolase
KEGG:R01990 3.5.3.7 4-guanidinobutanoate amidinohydrolase
KEGG:R02422 3.5.3.4 allantoate amidinohydrolase
KEGG:R02458 3.5.3.10 D-arginine amidinohydrolase
KEGG:R03250 C01110 + C00086<=>C03771 + C00001
KEGG:R03870 3.5.2.1 5-methylbarbiturate amidohydrolase
KEGG:R05357 3.5.3.22 amidinoproclavaminate amidinohydrolase
KEGG:R07629 3.5.1.95 3-oxo-3-ureidopropanoate amidohydrolase (urea- and malonate-forming)
KEGG:R10347 3.5.3.24 N1-aminopropylagmatine amidinohydrolase
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Organism Source

Taxonomy Source

  1. Arabidopsis thaliana [ncbi taxid: 3702]
  2. Bas taurus [ncbi taxid: ]
  3. Benincasa hispida [ncbi taxid: 102211]
  4. Bos taurus domesticus [ncbi taxid: ]
  5. Castanea mollissima [ncbi taxid: 60419]
  6. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii [ncbi taxid: 3055]
  7. Daphnia magna [ncbi taxid: 35525]
  8. Escherichia coli [ncbi taxid: 562]
  9. Homo sapiens [ncbi taxid: 9606]
  10. Lasiosphaera fenzlii [ncbi taxid: ]
  11. Mus musculus [ncbi taxid: 10090]
  12. Pteromys volans [ncbi taxid: 55152]
  13. Saccharomyces cerevisiae [ncbi taxid: 4932]
  14. Trogopterus xanthipes [ncbi taxid: 226819]
  15. Vespertilio superans [ncbi taxid: ]

Pathway Synthetic

pathway id name
BioCyc:HUMAN_PWY-4984 urea cycle
BioCyc:META_PWY-5705 allantoin degradation to glyoxylate III
BioCyc:META_PWY-5694 allantoin degradation to glyoxylate I
BioCyc:META_PWY-5004 superpathway of L-citrulline metabolism
BioCyc:META_ARGDEG-IV-PWY L-arginine degradation VIII (arginine oxidase pathway)
BioCyc:META_ARG-PRO-PWY L-arginine degradation VI (arginase 2 pathway)
BioCyc:META_PWY-5024 L-arginine degradation XI
BioCyc:META_CRNFORCAT-PWY creatinine degradation I
BioCyc:ECO_POLYAMSYN-PWY superpathway of polyamine biosynthesis I
BioCyc:YEAST_PWY-5697 allantoin degradation to ureidoglycolate I (urea producing)
BioCyc:YEAST_CITRULBIO-PWY citrulline biosynthesis
BioCyc:ARA_PWY-5697 allantoin degradation to ureidoglycolate I (urea producing)
BioCyc:ARA_PWY-40 putrescine biosynthesis I
BioCyc:ARA_CITRULBIO-PWY L-citrulline biosynthesis
BioCyc:LEISH_PWY-40 putrescine biosynthesis I
BioCyc:TRYPANO_ARG-PRO-PWY arginine degradation VI (arginase 2 pathway)
BioCyc:TRYPANO_ARGININE-DEG1-PWY arginine degradation VII
BioCyc:VCHO_PWY-4984 urea cycle
BioCyc:MTBH37RV_PWY-5704 urea degradation II
BioCyc:HPY_ARGASEDEG-PWY L-arginine degradation I (arginase pathway)
View All Pathways