Amino acid and derivative metabolism

Häussinger D. Liver glutamine metabolism. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1990 Jul;14(4 Suppl):56S–62S. doi: 10.1177/014860719001400405. PMID: 2205732.; Owen OE, Reichard GA, Patel MS, Boden G. Energy metabolism in feasting and fasting. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1979;111():169–88. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4757-0734-2_8. PMID: 371355.; Felig P. Amino acid metabolism in man. Annu Rev Biochem. 1975;44():933–55. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.44.070175.004441. PMID: 1094924.

Metabolites

2-Iminobutanoate

Formula: C4H7NO2 (101.0476762)

CAS ID: 4250-86-6

3-Acetamidopropanal

Formula: C5H9NO2 (115.0633254)

CAS ID: 73323-68-9

3-Iodo-L-tyrosine

Formula: C9H10INO3 (306.970542)

CAS ID: 70-78-0

4-Trimethylammoniobutanal

Formula: C7H16NO (130.1231826)

CAS ID: 64595-66-0

5'-Methylthioadenosine

Formula: C11H15N5O3S (297.089556)

CAS ID: 2457-80-9

Adenine

Formula: C5H5N5 (135.054493)

CAS ID: 73-24-5

Adenosine

Formula: C10H13N5O4 (267.09674980000005)

CAS ID: 58-61-7

Betaine

Formula: C5H11NO2 (117.0789746)

CAS ID: 107-43-7

Betaine aldehyde

Formula: C5H12NO (102.0918842)

CAS ID: 7418-61-3

Calcium cation

Formula: Ca (39.962591)

CAS ID: 14127-61-8

Choline

Formula: C5H14NO (104.10753340000001)

CAS ID: 62-49-7

CO2

Formula: CO2 (43.98983)

CAS ID: 124-38-9

Fe2+

Formula: Fe (55.934939)

CAS ID: 15438-31-0

Formaldehyde

Formula: CH2O (30.0105642)

CAS ID: 50-00-0

H+

Formula: H (1.0078246)

CAS ID: 12408-02-5

H2O

Formula: H2O (18.0105642)

CAS ID: 7732-18-5

HCO3-

Formula: HCO3 (60.9925696)

CAS ID: 71-52-3

Hydrogen peroxide

Formula: H2O2 (34.0054792)

CAS ID: 7722-84-1

Hydroiodic acid

Formula: HI (127.9123016)

CAS ID: 10034-85-2

Iodide

Formula: I (126.904477)

CAS ID: 20461-54-5

Iodine

Formula: I2 (253.808954)

CAS ID: 7553-56-2

L-Carnitine

Formula: C7H15NO3 (161.105188)

CAS ID: 541-15-1

L-Formylkynurenine

Formula: C11H12N2O4 (236.07970319999998)

CAS ID: 1022-31-7

Magnesium cation

Formula: Mg (23.98505)

CAS ID: 22537-22-0

Manganese(2+)

Formula: Mn (54.938046)

CAS ID: 7439-96-5

Methanol

Formula: CH4O (32.0262134)

CAS ID: 67-56-1

Methylselenic acid

Formula: CH4O2Se (127.9376494)

CAS ID: 28274-57-9

NADP+

Formula: C21H29N7O17P3 (744.0832754)

CAS ID: 53-59-8

NADPH

Formula: C21H30N7O17P3 (745.0911)

CAS ID: 2646-71-1

Oxygen

Formula: O2 (31.98983)

CAS ID: 7782-44-7

Potassium cation

Formula: K (38.963708)

CAS ID: 24203-36-9

PQQ

Formula: C14H6N2O8 (330.0124156)

CAS ID: 72909-34-3

Sodium cation

Formula: Na (22.98977)

CAS ID: 17341-25-2

Sulfate

Formula: H2SO4 (97.9673812)

CAS ID: 7664-93-9

Urea

Formula: CH4N2O (60.0323614)

CAS ID: 57-13-6

Zinc cation

Formula: Zn (63.929145)

CAS ID: 23713-49-7

3-amino-propanal

Formula: C3H8NO (74.0605858)

CAS ID:

L-argininium(1+)

Formula: C6H15N4O2 (175.119495)

CAS ID: 17806-42-7

2-oxo-3-phenylpropanoate

Formula: C9H7O3 (163.0395172)

CAS ID: 620-76-8

acetoacetate

Formula: C4H5O3 (101.02386800000001)

CAS ID: 141-81-1

formate

Formula: CHO2 (44.997654600000004)

CAS ID: 71-47-6

oxaloacetate(2-)

Formula: C4H2O5 (129.9902242)

CAS ID: 149-63-3

2-oxoglutarate(2-)

Formula: C5H4O5 (144.00587339999998)

CAS ID: 64-15-3

succinate(2-)

Formula: C4H4O4 (116.01095839999999)

CAS ID: 56-14-4

butenedioate

Formula: C4H2O4 (113.99530920000001)

CAS ID: 17013-01-3

homogentisate

Formula: C8H7O4 (167.0344322)

CAS ID:

glycolate

Formula: C2H3O3 (75.00821880000001)

CAS ID: 666-14-8

pyruvate

Formula: C3H3O3 (87.00821880000001)

CAS ID: 57-60-3

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate

Formula: C9H7O4 (179.0344322)

CAS ID: 622-54-8

2-oxoglutaramate

Formula: C5H6NO4 (144.0296816)

CAS ID: 18465-19-5

glyoxylate

Formula: C2HO3 (72.9925696)

CAS ID:

sulfite

Formula: O3S (79.956817)

CAS ID: 14265-45-3

NADPH(4-)

Formula: C21H26N7O17P3 (741.0598016)

CAS ID: 53-57-6

ATP(4-)

Formula: C10H12N5O13P3 (502.9644492)

CAS ID:

GTP(4-)

Formula: C10H12N5O14P3 (518.9593642)

CAS ID: 86527-72-2

NAD(1-)

Formula: C21H26N7O14P2 (662.1012936000001)

CAS ID: 53-84-9

ADP(3-)

Formula: C10H12N5O10P2 (424.0059412)

CAS ID:

NADP(3-)

Formula: C21H25N7O17P3 (740.051977)

CAS ID: 53-59-8

L-lysinium(1+)

Formula: C6H15N2O2 (147.113347)

CAS ID: 56-87-1

histaminium

Formula: C5H10N3 (112.087468)

CAS ID: 65592-96-3

hydrosulfide

Formula: HS (32.979896600000004)

CAS ID: 15035-72-0

Methaneselenol

Formula: CH3Se (94.93999480000001)

CAS ID: 60343-91-1



Enzyme

EC Number name full name note
1.1.1.-
1.1.1.31 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase 3-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoate:NAD+ oxidoreductase
1.1.1.35 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (S)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA:NAD+ oxidoreductase
1.1.1.51 3(or 17)beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3(or 17)beta-hydroxysteroid:NAD(P)+ oxidoreductase
1.1.1.53 3alpha(or 20beta)-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3alpha(or 20beta)-hydroxysteroid:NAD+ oxidoreductase
1.1.1.62 17beta-estradiol 17-dehydrogenase 17beta-estradiol:NAD(P)+ 17-oxidoreductase
1.13.11.11 tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase L-tryptophan:oxygen 2,3-oxidoreductase (decyclizing)
1.13.11.5 homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase homogentisate:oxygen 1,2-oxidoreductase (decyclizing)
1.13.11.53 acireductone dioxygenase (Ni2+-requiring) 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one:oxygen oxidoreductase (formate- and CO-forming)
1.13.11.54 acireductone dioxygenase [iron(II)-requiring] 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one:oxygen oxidoreductase (formate-forming)
1.14.13.9 kynurenine 3-monooxygenase L-kynurenine,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (3-hydroxylating)
1.14.16.1 phenylalanine 4-monooxygenase L-phenylalanine,tetrahydrobiopterin:oxygen oxidoreductase (4-hydroxylating)
1.14.16.2 tyrosine 3-monooxygenase L-tyrosine,tetrahydrobiopterin:oxygen oxidoreductase (3-hydroxylating)
1.14.16.4 tryptophan 5-monooxygenase L-tryptophan,tetrahydrobiopterin:oxygen oxidoreductase (5-hydroxylating)
1.2.1.27 methylmalonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (CoA-acylating) 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate:NAD+ 3-oxidoreductase (CoA-propanoylating)
1.21.1.1 iodotyrosine deiodinase NADP+:L-tyrosine oxidoreductase (iodinating)
1.5.5.2 proline dehydrogenase L-proline:quinone oxidoreductase
1.6.3.1 NAD(P)H oxidase (H2O2-forming) NAD(P)H:oxygen oxidoreductase (H2O2-forming)
1.8.3.1 sulfite oxidase sulfite:oxygen oxidoreductase
2.1.1.22 carnosine N-methyltransferase S-adenosyl-L-methionine:carnosine N-methyltransferase
2.4.2.28 S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine phosphorylase S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine:phosphate S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribosyl-transferase
2.5.1.18 glutathione transferase RX:glutathione R-transferase
2.6.1.13 ornithine aminotransferase L-ornithine:2-oxo-acid aminotransferase
2.6.1.44 alanine-glyoxylate transaminase L-alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase
2.6.1.52 phosphoserine transaminase O-phospho-L-serine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
3.1.3.3 phosphoserine phosphatase O-phosphoserine phosphohydrolase
3.1.3.77 acireductone synthase 5-(methylthio)-2,3-dioxopentyl-phosphate phosphohydrolase (isomerizing)
3.13.2.1 adenosylhomocysteinase S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase
3.4.19.5 beta-aspartyl-peptidase
3.5.1.1 asparaginase L-asparagine amidohydrolase
4.1.1.17 ornithine decarboxylase L-ornithine carboxy-lyase (putrescine-forming)
4.1.1.22 histidine decarboxylase L-histidine carboxy-lyase (histamine-forming)
4.1.1.28 aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase Aromatic-L-amino-acid carboxy-lyase
4.1.1.50 adenosylmethionine decarboxylase S-adenosyl-L-methionine carboxy-lyase [(5-deoxy-5-adenosyl)(3-aminopropyl)methylsulfonium-salt-forming]
4.2.1.96 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin dehydratase 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin hydro-lyase (6,7-dihydrobiopterin-forming)
5.2.1.2 maleylacetoacetate isomerase 4-maleylacetoacetate cis-trans-isomerase
5.3.1.23 S-methyl-5-thioribose-1-phosphate isomerase S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose-1-phosphate aldose-ketose-isomerase
6.4.1.4 methylcrotonoyl-CoA carboxylase 3-methylcrotonoyl-CoA:carbon-dioxide ligase (ADP-forming)


Proteins

Protein ID name full name