Lanosterol biosynthesis

Mitsche MA, McDonald JG, Hobbs HH, Cohen JC. Flux analysis of cholesterol biosynthesis in vivo reveals multiple tissue and cell-type specific pathways. Elife. 2015 Jun 26;4():e07999. PMID: 26114596; PMCID: PMC4501332.; Faust PL, Kovacs WJ. Cholesterol biosynthesis and ER stress in peroxisome deficiency. Biochimie. 2014 Mar;98():75–85. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2013.10.019. PMID: 24211592.; Hogenboom S, Romeijn GJ, Houten SM, Baes M, Wanders RJA, Waterham HR. Absence of functional peroxisomes does not lead to deficiency of enzymes involved in cholesterol biosynthesis. Journal of Lipid Research. 2002 Jan;43(1):90–8. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)30191-7.

Metabolites

(S)-2,3-Epoxysqualene

Formula: C30H50O (426.386145)

CAS ID: 54910-48-4

H+

Formula: H (1.0078246)

CAS ID: 12408-02-5

H2O

Formula: H2O (18.0105642)

CAS ID: 7732-18-5

Lanosterol

Formula: C30H50O (426.386145)

CAS ID: 79-63-0

Magnesium cation

Formula: Mg (23.98505)

CAS ID: 22537-22-0

Oxygen

Formula: O2 (31.98983)

CAS ID: 7782-44-7

Squalene

Formula: C30H50 (410.39123)

CAS ID: 111-02-4

(R)-mevalonate

Formula: C6H11O4 (147.0657306)

CAS ID: 1192-42-3

(3S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA(5-)

Formula: C27H39N7O20P3S (906.1183384)

CAS ID:

NADPH(4-)

Formula: C21H26N7O17P3 (741.0598016)

CAS ID: 53-57-6

ATP(4-)

Formula: C10H12N5O13P3 (502.9644492)

CAS ID:

isopentenyl diphosphate(3-)

Formula: C5H9O7P2 (242.9823524)

CAS ID:

ADP(3-)

Formula: C10H12N5O10P2 (424.0059412)

CAS ID:

NADP(3-)

Formula: C21H25N7O17P3 (740.051977)

CAS ID: 53-59-8

presqualene monophosphate(2-)

Formula: C30H49O4P (504.33682840000006)

CAS ID:



Enzyme

EC Number name full name note
2.5.1.-
1.14.14.17 squalene monooxygenase squalene,NADPH-hemoprotein:oxygen oxidoreductase (2,3-epoxidizing
2.3.1.9 acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase acetyl-CoA:acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase
2.3.3.10 hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase acetyl-CoA:acetoacetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing, carboxymethyl-forming)
2.5.1.1 dimethylallyltranstransferase prenyl-diphosphate:3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl-diphosphate prenyltranstransferase
2.5.1.10 (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate synthase geranyl-diphosphate:isopentenyl-diphosphate geranyltranstransferase
2.5.1.21 squalene synthase (2E,6E)-farnesyl-diphosphate:(2E,6E)-farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase
2.5.1.29 geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (2E,6E)-farnesyl-diphosphate:isopentenyl-diphosphate farnesyltranstransferase
2.7.1.36 mevalonate kinase ATP:(R)-mevalonate 5-phosphotransferase
2.7.4.2 phosphomevalonate kinase ATP:(R)-5-phosphomevalonate phosphotransferase
3.6.1.68 geranyl diphosphate phosphohydrolase geranyl-diphosphate phosphohydrolase
4.1.1.33 diphosphomevalonate decarboxylase ATP:(R)-5-diphosphomevalonate carboxy-lyase (adding ATP; isopentenyl-diphosphate-forming)
5.4.99.7 Lanosterol synthase (S)-2,3-Epoxysqualene mutase (cyclizing, lanosterol-forming)


Proteins

Protein ID name full name