glycine betaine biosynthesis III (plants)

Lerma C, Hanson AD, Rhodes D. Oxygen-18 and deuterium labeling studies of choline oxidation by spinach and sugar beet. Plant Physiol. 1988 Nov;88(3):695–702. PMID: 16666370; PMCID: PMC1055647.

Metabolites

Betaine

Formula: C5H11NO2 (117.0789746)

CAS ID: 107-43-7

Betaine aldehyde

Formula: C5H12NO (102.0918842)

CAS ID: 7418-61-3

Betaine aldehyde hydrate

Formula: C5H14NO2 (120.1024484)

CAS ID:

Choline

Formula: C5H14NO (104.10753340000001)

CAS ID: 62-49-7

H+

Formula: H (1.0078246)

CAS ID: 12408-02-5

H2O

Formula: H2O (18.0105642)

CAS ID: 7732-18-5

Oxygen

Formula: O2 (31.98983)

CAS ID: 7782-44-7

NADH(2-)

Formula: C21H27N7O14P2 (663.1091182000001)

CAS ID:

NAD(1-)

Formula: C21H26N7O14P2 (662.1012936000001)

CAS ID: 53-84-9



Enzyme

EC Number name full name note
1.2.1.-
1.14.15.7 choline monooxygenase choline,reduced-ferredoxin:oxygen oxidoreductase
1.2.1.19 aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase 4-aminobutanal:NAD+ 1-oxidoreductase
1.2.1.47 4-trimethylammoniobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase 4-trimethylammoniobutanal:NAD+ 1-oxidoreductase
1.2.1.54 gamma-guanidinobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase 4-guanidinobutanal:NAD+ 1-oxidoreductase
1.2.1.8 betaine-aldehyde dehydrogenase betaine-aldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase


Proteins

Protein ID name full name