NAD/NADP-NADH/NADPH cytosolic interconversion (yeast)

Gossmann TI, Ziegler M, Puntervoll P, de Figueiredo LF, Schuster S, Heiland I. NAD+ biosynthesis and salvage – a phylogenetic perspective. The FEBS Journal. 2012 Apr 04;279(18):3355–63. doi: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2012.08559.x.; Lu S, Lin S. Phosphate-responsive Signaling Pathway Is a Novel Component of NAD+ Metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2011 Apr;286(16):14271–81. doi: 10.1074/jbc.m110.217885.; Koch-Nolte F, Haag F, Guse AH, Lund F, Ziegler M. Emerging Roles of NAD + and Its Metabolites in Cell SignalingA report on the NAD2008 symposium, Hamburg, Germany, 14 to 17 September 2008. Sci. Signal. 2009 Feb 10;2(57). doi: 10.1126/scisignal.257mr1.; Bieganowski P, Seidle HF, Wojcik M, Brenner C. Synthetic Lethal and Biochemical Analyses of NAD and NADH Kinases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Establish Separation of Cellular Functions. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2006 Aug;281(32):22439–45. doi: 10.1074/jbc.m513919200.; Minard KI, McAlister-Henn L. Sources of NADPH in Yeast Vary with Carbon Source. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2005 Dec;280(48):39890–6. doi: 10.1074/jbc.m509461200.; Shi F, Kawai S, Mori S, Kono E, Murata K. Identification of ATP-NADH kinase isozymes and their contribution to supply of NADP(H) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The FEBS Journal. 2005 Jun 24;272(13):3337–49. doi: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2005.04749.x.; Contreras-Shannon V, Lin A, McCammon MT, McAlister-Henn L. Kinetic Properties and Metabolic Contributions of Yeast Mitochondrial and Cytosolic NADP+-specific Isocitrate Dehydrogenases. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2005 Feb;280(6):4469–75. doi: 10.1074/jbc.m410140200.; Grabowska D, Chelstowska A. The ALD6 Gene Product Is Indispensable for Providing NADPH in Yeast Cells Lacking Glucose-6-phosphate Dehydrogenase Activity. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2003 Apr;278(16):13984–8. doi: 10.1074/jbc.m210076200.; Minard KI, McAlister-Henn L. Antioxidant function of cytosolic sources of NADPH in yeast. Free Radic Biol Med. 2001 Sep 15;31(6):832–43. doi: 10.1016/s0891-5849(01)00666-9. PMID: 11557322.; Kawai S, Suzuki S, Mori S, Murata K. Molecular cloning and identification of UTR1 of a yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a gene encoding an NAD kinase. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2001 Jun 25;200(2):181–4. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2001.tb10712.x. PMID: 11425472.; Wang X, Mann CJ, Bai Y, Ni L, Weiner H. Molecular Cloning, Characterization, and Potential Roles of Cytosolic and Mitochondrial Aldehyde Dehydrogenases in Ethanol Metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Bacteriol. 1998 Feb 15;180(4):822–30. doi: 10.1128/jb.180.4.822-830.1998.; Meaden PG, Dickinson FM, Mifsud A, Tessier W, Westwater J, Bussey H, Midgley M. The ALD6 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes a cytosolic, Mg(2+)-activated acetaldehyde dehydrogenase. Yeast. 1997 Nov;13(14):1319–27. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0061(199711)13:14<1319::aid-yea183>3.0.co;2-t. PMID: 9392076.; Loftus TM, Hall LV, Anderson SL, McAlister-Henn L. Isolation, characterization, and disruption of the yeast gene encoding cytosolic NADP-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase. Biochemistry. 1994 Aug 16;33(32):9661–7. doi: 10.1021/bi00198a035. PMID: 8068643.; MARRES CAM, de VRIES S, GRIVELL LA. Isolation and inactivation of the nuclear gene encoding the rotenone-insensitive internal NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase of mitochondria from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. European Journal of Biochemistry. 1991 Feb;195(3):857–62. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1991.tb15775.x.; Nogae I, Johnston M. Isolation and characterization of the ZWF1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, encoding glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Gene. 1990 Dec 15;96(2):161–9. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(90)90248-p. PMID: 2269430.; Bruinenberg PM. The NADP(H) redox couple in yeast metabolism. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 1986;52(5):411–29. doi: 10.1007/bf00393469. PMID: 3789705.

Metabolites

Acetaldehyde

Formula: C2H4O (44.0262134)

CAS ID: 75-07-0

Calcium cation

Formula: Ca (39.962591)

CAS ID: 14127-61-8

CO2

Formula: CO2 (43.98983)

CAS ID: 124-38-9

Cobalt ion

Formula: Co (58.933198)

CAS ID: 22541-53-3

Copper

Formula: Cu (62.929599)

CAS ID: 7440-50-8

D-Glucose 6-phosphate

Formula: C6H13O9P (260.0297178)

CAS ID: 56-73-5

Fe2+

Formula: Fe (55.934939)

CAS ID: 15438-31-0

H+

Formula: H (1.0078246)

CAS ID: 12408-02-5

H2O

Formula: H2O (18.0105642)

CAS ID: 7732-18-5

Lithium

Formula: Li (7.016005)

CAS ID: 7439-93-2

Magnesium cation

Formula: Mg (23.98505)

CAS ID: 22537-22-0

Manganese(2+)

Formula: Mn (54.938046)

CAS ID: 7439-96-5

Mercuric chloride

Formula: HgCl2 (271.908338)

CAS ID: 7487-94-7

Sodium cation

Formula: Na (22.98977)

CAS ID: 17341-25-2

Zinc cation

Formula: Zn (63.929145)

CAS ID: 23713-49-7

2-oxoglutarate(2-)

Formula: C5H4O5 (144.00587339999998)

CAS ID: 64-15-3

acetate

Formula: C2H3O2 (59.0133038)

CAS ID: 71-50-1

NADPH(4-)

Formula: C21H26N7O17P3 (741.0598016)

CAS ID: 53-57-6

ATP(4-)

Formula: C10H12N5O13P3 (502.9644492)

CAS ID:

NAD(1-)

Formula: C21H26N7O14P2 (662.1012936000001)

CAS ID: 53-84-9

ADP(3-)

Formula: C10H12N5O10P2 (424.0059412)

CAS ID:

NADP(3-)

Formula: C21H25N7O17P3 (740.051977)

CAS ID: 53-59-8



Enzyme

EC Number name full name note
1.2.1.-
1.1.1.42 isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP+) isocitrate:NADP+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)
1.1.1.49 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (NADP+) D-glucose-6-phosphate:NADP+ 1-oxidoreductase
1.2.1.4 aldehyde dehydrogenase (NADP+) aldehyde:NADP+ oxidoreductase
2.7.1.23 NAD+ kinase ATP:NAD+ 2'-phosphotransferase
2.7.1.86 NADH kinase ATP:NADH 2'-phosphotransferase


Proteins

Protein ID name full name
P11412 ZWF1 Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase
P21373 UTR1 NAD(+) kinase
P32622 YEF1 ATP-NADH kinase YEF1
P41939 IDP2 Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] cytoplasmic
P54115 ALD6 Magnesium-activated aldehyde dehydrogenase, cytosolic