Ketogenesis and ketolysis

Newman JC, Verdin E. ß-Hydroxybutyrate: A Signaling Metabolite. Annu. Rev. Nutr. 2017 Aug 21;37(1):51–76. doi: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-071816-064916.

Metabolites

Acetoacetate

Formula: C4H6O3 (102.0316926)

CAS ID: 541-50-4

Acetoacetyl-CoA

Formula: C25H40N7O18P3S (851.136333)

CAS ID: 1420-36-6

Acetone

Formula: C3H6O (58.041862599999995)

CAS ID: 67-64-1

Acetyl-CoA

Formula: C23H38N7O17P3S (809.1257688000001)

CAS ID: 72-89-9

ATP

Formula: C10H16N5O13P3 (506.9957476)

CAS ID: 56-65-5

CO2

Formula: CO2 (43.98983)

CAS ID: 124-38-9

Oxaloacetate

Formula: C4H4O5 (132.00587339999998)

CAS ID: 328-42-7

pyruvate

Formula: C3H3O3 (87.00821880000001)

CAS ID: 57-60-3

3-hydroxybutyrate

Formula: C4H7O3 (103.0395172)

CAS ID: 151-03-1



Enzyme

EC Number name full name note
1.1.1.30 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (R)-3-hydroxybutanoate:NAD+ oxidoreductase
2.3.1.21 carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase palmitoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase
2.3.1.9 acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase acetyl-CoA:acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase
2.8.3.5 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase succinyl-CoA:3-oxo-acid CoA-transferase


Proteins

Protein ID name full name