Detoxification of Reactive Oxygen Species

Presnell CE, Bhatti G, Numan LS, Lerche M, Alkhateeb SK, Ghalib M, Shammaa M, Kavdia M. Computational insights into the role of glutathione in oxidative stress. Curr Neurovasc Res. 2013 May;10(2):185–94. doi: 10.2174/1567202611310020011. PMID: 23469953.; Ray PD, Huang B, Tsuji Y. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis and redox regulation in cellular signaling. Cellular Signalling. 2012 May;24(5):981–90. doi: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2012.01.008.; Birben E, Sahiner UM, Sackesen C, Erzurum S, Kalayci O. Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense. World Allergy Organization Journal. 2012;5(1):9–19. doi: 10.1097/wox.0b013e3182439613.; Fukai T, Ushio-Fukai M. Superoxide Dismutases: Role in Redox Signaling, Vascular Function, and Diseases. Antioxidants & Redox Signaling. 2011 Sep 15;15(6):1583–606. doi: 10.1089/ars.2011.3999.; Veal E, Day A. Hydrogen peroxide as a signaling molecule. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2011 Jul 01;15(1):147–51. doi: 10.1089/ars.2011.3968. PMID: 21375475.; Buettner GR. Superoxide dismutase in redox biology: the roles of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2011 May 01;11(4):341–6. PMID: 21453242; PMCID: PMC3131414.; Kavdia M. Mathematical and Computational Models of Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress. Crit Rev Biomed Eng. 2011;39(5):461–72. doi: 10.1615/critrevbiomedeng.v39.i5.60.; Brand MD. The sites and topology of mitochondrial superoxide production. Experimental Gerontology. 2010 Aug;45(7-8):466–72. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2010.01.003.; Murphy MP. How mitochondria produce reactive oxygen species. Biochem J. 2009 Jan 01;417(1):1–13. PMID: 19061483; PMCID: PMC2605959.

Metabolites

Copper

Formula: Cu (62.929599)

CAS ID: 7440-50-8

Cu+

Formula: Cu (62.929599)

CAS ID: 17493-86-6

Glutathione

Formula: C10H17N3O6S (307.08380220000004)

CAS ID: 70-18-8

H+

Formula: H (1.0078246)

CAS ID: 12408-02-5

H2O

Formula: H2O (18.0105642)

CAS ID: 7732-18-5

Hydrogen peroxide

Formula: H2O2 (34.0054792)

CAS ID: 7722-84-1

Manganese(2+)

Formula: Mn (54.938046)

CAS ID: 7439-96-5

Nitric oxide

Formula: NO (29.997989)

CAS ID: 10102-43-9

Oxygen

Formula: O2 (31.98983)

CAS ID: 7782-44-7

Superoxide

Formula: O2 (31.98983)

CAS ID: 11062-77-4

Zinc cation

Formula: Zn (63.929145)

CAS ID: 23713-49-7

nitrite

Formula: NO2 (45.992904)

CAS ID: 14797-65-0

NADPH(4-)

Formula: C21H26N7O17P3 (741.0598016)

CAS ID: 53-57-6

ATP(4-)

Formula: C10H12N5O13P3 (502.9644492)

CAS ID:

GTP(4-)

Formula: C10H12N5O14P3 (518.9593642)

CAS ID: 86527-72-2

ADP(3-)

Formula: C10H12N5O10P2 (424.0059412)

CAS ID:

NADP(3-)

Formula: C21H25N7O17P3 (740.051977)

CAS ID: 53-59-8



Enzyme

EC Number name full name note
1.6.3.-
1.11.1.12 phospholipid-hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase glutathione:lipid-hydroperoxide oxidoreductase
1.11.1.2 NADPH peroxidase NADPH:hydrogen-peroxide oxidoreductase
1.11.1.27 glutathione-dependent peroxiredoxin glutathione:hydroperoxide oxidoreductase
1.11.1.6 catalase hydrogen-peroxide:hydrogen-peroxide oxidoreductase
1.11.1.9 glutathione peroxidase glutathione:hydrogen-peroxide oxidoreductase
1.15.1.1 superoxide dismutase superoxide:superoxide oxidoreductase
1.8.1.9 thioredoxin-disulfide reductase thioredoxin:NADP+ oxidoreductase
1.8.3.2 thiol oxidase thiol:oxygen oxidoreductase
2.3.1.23 1-acylglycerophosphocholine O-acyltransferase acyl-CoA:1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine O-acyltransferase
2.5.1.18 glutathione transferase RX:glutathione R-transferase
3.1.1.4 phospholipase A2 phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase
3.6.1.17 bis(5'-nucleosyl)-tetraphosphatase (asymmetrical) P1,P4-bis(5'-nucleosyl)-tetraphosphate nucleotidohydrolase
5.3.4.1 protein disulfide-isomerase Protein disulfide-isomerase
7.2.2.8 P-type Cu+ transporter ATP phosphohydrolase (P-type, Cu+-exporting)


Proteins

Protein ID name full name