Choline catabolism

Hollenbeck CB. An introduction to the nutrition and metabolism of choline. Cent Nerv Syst Agents Med Chem. 2012 Jun;12(2):100–13. doi: 10.2174/187152412800792689. PMID: 22483274.; Ueland PM. Choline and betaine in health and disease. J Inherit Metab Dis. 2011 Feb;34(1):3–15. doi: 10.1007/s10545-010-9088-4. PMID: 20446114.

Metabolites

Betaine

Formula: C5H11NO2 (117.0789746)

CAS ID: 107-43-7

Betaine aldehyde

Formula: C5H12NO (102.0918842)

CAS ID: 7418-61-3

Choline

Formula: C5H14NO (104.10753340000001)

CAS ID: 62-49-7

Formaldehyde

Formula: CH2O (30.0105642)

CAS ID: 50-00-0

H2O

Formula: H2O (18.0105642)

CAS ID: 7732-18-5

Zinc cation

Formula: Zn (63.929145)

CAS ID: 23713-49-7

NADH(2-)

Formula: C21H27N7O14P2 (663.1091182000001)

CAS ID:

NAD(1-)

Formula: C21H26N7O14P2 (662.1012936000001)

CAS ID: 53-84-9



Enzyme

EC Number name full name note
1.1.99.1 choline dehydrogenase choline:acceptor 1-oxidoreductase
1.2.1.3 aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+) aldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase
1.2.1.31 L-aminoadipate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase L-2-aminoadipate-6-semialdehyde:NAD(P)+ 6-oxidoreductase
1.2.1.8 betaine-aldehyde dehydrogenase betaine-aldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase
1.5.8.3 sarcosine dehydrogenase sarcosine, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate:electron-transferflavoprotein oxidoreductase (demethylating,5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate-forming)
1.5.8.4 dimethylglycine dehydrogenase N,N-dimethylglycine,5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate:electron-transferflavoprotein oxidoreductase (demethylating,5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate-forming)
2.1.1.5 betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase trimethylammonioacetate:L-homocysteine S-methyltransferase


Proteins

Protein ID name full name