Pathways Knowlegdes

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Pathway DOIs Note
Downregulation of ACE2 by SARS-CoV-2 spike protein

Accession ID: WikiPathways:WP4799
  • 10.1038/nm1267
Kuba K, Imai Y, Rao S, Gao H, Guo F, Guan B, Huan Y, Yang P, Zhang Y, Deng W, Bao L, Zhang B, Liu G, Wang Z, Chappell M, Liu Y, Zheng D, Leibbrandt A, Wada T, Slutsky AS, Liu D, Qin C, Jiang C, Penninger JM. A crucial role of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in SARS coronavirus-induced lung injury. Nat Med. 2005 Aug;11(8):875–9. PMID: 16007097; PMCID: PMC7095783.
Deregulation of renin-angiotensin system by SARS-CoV infection

Accession ID: WikiPathways:WP4965
  • 10.1038/nm1267
Kuba K, Imai Y, Rao S, Gao H, Guo F, Guan B, Huan Y, Yang P, Zhang Y, Deng W, Bao L, Zhang B, Liu G, Wang Z, Chappell M, Liu Y, Zheng D, Leibbrandt A, Wada T, Slutsky AS, Liu D, Qin C, Jiang C, Penninger JM. A crucial role of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in SARS coronavirus-induced lung injury. Nat Med. 2005 Aug;11(8):875–9. PMID: 16007097; PMCID: PMC7095783.
SARS-CoV-2 mitochondrial chronic oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction

Accession ID: WikiPathways:WP5183
  • 10.3389/fphar.2020.578599
Gatti P, Ilamathi HS, Todkar K, Germain M. Mitochondria Targeted Viral Replication and Survival Strategies-Prospective on SARS-CoV-2. Front Pharmacol. 2020;11():578599. PMID: 32982760; PMCID: PMC7485471.
ACE inhibitor pathway

Accession ID: WikiPathways:WP915
  • 10.1002/path.2162
Hamming I, Cooper M, Haagmans B, Hooper N, Korstanje R, Osterhaus A, Timens W, Turner A, Navis G, van Goor H. The emerging role of ACE2 in physiology and disease. The Journal of Pathology. 2007 Apr 26;212(1):1–11. doi: 10.1002/path.2162.
RAS and bradykinin pathways in COVID-19

Accession ID: WikiPathways:WP4969
  • 10.1016/j.mce.2003.10.011
Bassett MH, White PC, Rainey WE. The regulation of aldosterone synthase expression. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2004 Mar 30;217(1-2):67–74. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2003.10.011. PMID: 15134803.
Non-classical role of vitamin D

Accession ID: WikiPathways:WP5133
  • 10.1002/rmv.2119
Malek Mahdavi A. A brief review of interplay between vitamin D and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2: Implications for a potential treatment for COVID-19. Reviews in Medical Virology. 2020 Jun 25;30(5). doi: 10.1002/rmv.2119.
Cardiac hypertrophic response

Accession ID: WikiPathways:WP3250
  • 10.1038/nrm1983
Heineke J, Molkentin JD. Regulation of cardiac hypertrophy by intracellular signalling pathways. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology. 2006 Aug;7(8):589–600. doi: 10.1038/nrm1983.
SARS-CoV-2 and ACE2 receptor: molecular mechanisms

Accession ID: WikiPathways:WP4883
  • 10.1007/s00134-020-05985-9
Zhang H, Penninger JM, Li Y, Zhong N, Slutsky AS. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a SARS-CoV-2 receptor: molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic target. Intensive Care Medicine. 2020 Mar 03;46(4):586–90. doi: 10.1007/s00134-020-05985-9.
Conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin II

Accession ID: WikiPathways:WP4818
  • 10.1210/jc.83.11.3925
Karlsson C, Lindell K, Ottosson M, Sjöström L, Carlsson B, Carlsson LMS. Human Adipose Tissue Expresses Angiotensinogen and Enzymes Required for Its Conversion to Angiotensin II1. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 1998 Nov;83(11):3925–9. doi: 10.1210/jcem.83.11.5276.
GPCRs, class A rhodopsin-like

Accession ID: WikiPathways:WP473
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ACE inhibitor pathway

Accession ID: WikiPathways:WP557
  • 10.1002/path.2162
Hamming I, Cooper M, Haagmans B, Hooper N, Korstanje R, Osterhaus A, Timens W, Turner A, Navis G, van Goor H. The emerging role of ACE2 in physiology and disease. The Journal of Pathology. 2007 Apr 26;212(1):1–11. doi: 10.1002/path.2162.
ACE inhibitor pathway

Accession ID: WikiPathways:WP1151
  • 10.1002/path.2162
Hamming I, Cooper M, Haagmans B, Hooper N, Korstanje R, Osterhaus A, Timens W, Turner A, Navis G, van Goor H. The emerging role of ACE2 in physiology and disease. The Journal of Pathology. 2007 Apr 26;212(1):1–11. doi: 10.1002/path.2162.
GPCRs, class A rhodopsin-like

Accession ID: WikiPathways:WP1072
  • 10.1093/bioinformatics/18.1.147
Karchin R, Karplus K, Haussler D. Classifying G-protein coupled receptors with support vector machines. Bioinformatics. 2002 Jan;18(1):147–59. doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/18.1.147. PMID: 11836223.
Vascular smooth muscle contraction

Accession ID: WikiPathways:WP2912
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Cardiac hypertrophic response

Accession ID: WikiPathways:WP2795
  • 10.1038/nrm1983
Heineke J, Molkentin JD. Regulation of cardiac hypertrophy by intracellular signalling pathways. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology. 2006 Aug;7(8):589–600. doi: 10.1038/nrm1983.
GPCRs, class A rhodopsin-like

Accession ID: WikiPathways:WP455
  • 10.1093/bioinformatics/18.1.147
Karchin R, Karplus K, Haussler D. Classifying G-protein coupled receptors with support vector machines. Bioinformatics. 2002 Jan;18(1):147–59. doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/18.1.147. PMID: 11836223.
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)

Accession ID: WikiPathways:WP4756
  • 10.1136/bmj.38803.528113.55
McDowell SE, Coleman JJ, Ferner RE. Systematic review and meta-analysis of ethnic differences in risks of adverse reactions to drugs used in cardiovascular medicine. BMJ. 2006 May 20;332(7551):1177–81. PMID: 16679330; PMCID: PMC1463974.
STING pathway in Kawasaki-like disease and COVID-19

Accession ID: WikiPathways:WP4961
  • 10.1080/22221751.2020.1785336
Berthelot J, Drouet L, Lioté F. Kawasaki-like diseases and thrombotic coagulopathy in COVID-19: delayed over-activation of the STING pathway? Emerging Microbes & Infections. 2020 Jan;9(1):1514–22. doi: 10.1080/22221751.2020.1785336.
Mitochondrial immune response to SARS-CoV-2

Accession ID: WikiPathways:WP5038
  • 10.1007/s10930-020-09935-8
Suhail S, Zajac J, Fossum C, Lowater H, McCracken C, Severson N, Laatsch B, Narkiewicz-Jodko A, Johnson B, Liebau J, Bhattacharyya S, Hati S. Role of Oxidative Stress on SARS-CoV (SARS) and SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Infection: A Review. The Protein Journal. 2020 Oct 26;39(6):644–56. doi: 10.1007/s10930-020-09935-8.
Renin-angiotensin system

Accession ID: WikiPathways:WP376
  • 10.1074/jbc.m513040200
Rafiq K, Kolpakov MA, Abdelfettah M, Streblow DN, Hassid A, Dell'Italia LJ, Sabri A. Role of Protein-tyrosine Phosphatase SHP2 in Focal Adhesion Kinase Down-regulation during Neutrophil Cathepsin G-induced Cardiomyocytes Anoikis. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2006 Jul;281(28):19781–92. doi: 10.1074/jbc.m513040200.