Pathways Knowlegdes

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Pathway DOIs Note
aflatoxins B1 and G1 biosynthesis

Accession ID: BioCyc:META_PWY-5959
  • 10.1007/s00253-004-1566-x
  • 10.1021/bi00231a033
  • 10.1021/ja012185v
  • 10.1128/aem.64.12.4834-4841.1998
 Yabe K, Nakajima H. Enzyme reactions and genes in aflatoxin biosynthesis. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 2004 Jun 01;64(6):745–55. doi: 10.1007/s00253-004-1566-x.; Udwary DW, Casillas LK, Townsend CA. Synthesis of 11-hydroxyl O-methylsterigmatocystin and the role of a cytochrome P-450 in the final step of aflatoxin biosynthesis. J Am Chem Soc. 2002 May 15;124(19):5294–303. doi: 10.1021/ja012185v. PMID: 11996570.; Yu J, Chang P, Ehrlich KC, Cary JW, Montalbano B, Dyer JM, Bhatnagar D, Cleveland TE. Characterization of the Critical Amino Acids of an Aspergillus parasiticus Cytochrome P-450 Monooxygenase Encoded by ordA That Is Involved in the Biosynthesis of Aflatoxins B 1 , G 1 , B 2 , and G 2. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1998 Dec;64(12):4834–41. doi: 10.1128/aem.64.12.4834-4841.1998.; Bhatnagar D, Cleveland TE, Kingston DG. Enzymological evidence for separate pathways for aflatoxin B1 and B2 biosynthesis. Biochemistry. 1991 Apr 30;30(17):4343–50. doi: 10.1021/bi00231a033. PMID: 1902378.
Metabolism

Accession ID: Reactome:R-BTA-1430728		 -
Phase I - Functionalization of compounds

Accession ID: Reactome:R-BTA-211945
  • 10.1208/aapsj080112
  • 10.1517/17425255.2.6.895
  • 10.2174/1389200023337054
 Strolin Benedetti M, Whomsley R, Baltes E. Involvement of enzymes other than CYPs in the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics. Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology. 2006 Nov 24;2(6):895–921. doi: 10.1517/17425255.2.6.895.; Guengerich FP. Cytochrome P450s and other enzymes in drug metabolism and toxicity. The AAPS Journal. 2006 Mar 01;8(1):e101–11. doi: 10.1208/aapsj080112.; Danielson PB. The cytochrome P450 superfamily: biochemistry, evolution and drug metabolism in humans. Curr Drug Metab. 2002 Dec;3(6):561–97. doi: 10.2174/1389200023337054. PMID: 12369887.
Xenobiotics

Accession ID: Reactome:R-BTA-211981
  • 10.1208/aapsj080112
  • 10.1517/phgs.5.3.305.29827
  • 10.2174/1389200023337054
 Guengerich FP. Cytochrome P450s and other enzymes in drug metabolism and toxicity. The AAPS Journal. 2006 Mar 01;8(1):e101–11. doi: 10.1208/aapsj080112.; Lewis DF. 57 varieties: the human cytochromes P450. Pharmacogenomics. 2004 Apr;5(3):305–18. doi: 10.1517/phgs.5.3.305.29827. PMID: 15102545.; Danielson PB. The cytochrome P450 superfamily: biochemistry, evolution and drug metabolism in humans. Curr Drug Metab. 2002 Dec;3(6):561–97. doi: 10.2174/1389200023337054. PMID: 12369887.
Biological oxidations

Accession ID: Reactome:R-CEL-211859		 -
Aflatoxin activation and detoxification

Accession ID: Reactome:R-CEL-5423646
  • 10.1016/s0027-5107(97)00289-3
  • 10.1080/03602530802563850
  • 10.1093/mutage/17.6.471
  • 10.3892/ol.2013.1169
 Hamid AS, Tesfamariam IG, Zhang Y, Zhang ZG. Aflatoxin B1-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in developing countries: Geographical distribution, mechanism of action and prevention. Oncol Lett. 2013 Apr;5(4):1087–92. PMID: 23599745; PMCID: PMC3629261.; Wu Q, Jezkova A, Yuan Z, Pavlikova L, Dohnal V, Kuca K. Biological degradation of aflatoxins. Drug Metab Rev. 2009;41(1):1–7. doi: 10.1080/03602530802563850. PMID: 19514968.; Wild CP, Turner PC. The toxicology of aflatoxins as a basis for public health decisions. Mutagenesis. 2002 Nov;17(6):471–81. doi: 10.1093/mutage/17.6.471. PMID: 12435844.; Guengerich FP, Johnson WW, Shimada T, Ueng Y, Yamazaki H, Langouët S. Activation and detoxication of aflatoxin B1. Mutation Research - Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis. 1998 Jun;402(1-2):121–8. doi: 10.1016/s0027-5107(97)00289-3.
Metabolism

Accession ID: Reactome:R-CFA-1430728		 -
Aflatoxin activation and detoxification

Accession ID: Reactome:R-CFA-5423646
  • 10.1016/s0027-5107(97)00289-3
  • 10.1080/03602530802563850
  • 10.1093/mutage/17.6.471
  • 10.3892/ol.2013.1169
 Hamid AS, Tesfamariam IG, Zhang Y, Zhang ZG. Aflatoxin B1-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in developing countries: Geographical distribution, mechanism of action and prevention. Oncol Lett. 2013 Apr;5(4):1087–92. PMID: 23599745; PMCID: PMC3629261.; Wu Q, Jezkova A, Yuan Z, Pavlikova L, Dohnal V, Kuca K. Biological degradation of aflatoxins. Drug Metab Rev. 2009;41(1):1–7. doi: 10.1080/03602530802563850. PMID: 19514968.; Wild CP, Turner PC. The toxicology of aflatoxins as a basis for public health decisions. Mutagenesis. 2002 Nov;17(6):471–81. doi: 10.1093/mutage/17.6.471. PMID: 12435844.; Guengerich FP, Johnson WW, Shimada T, Ueng Y, Yamazaki H, Langouët S. Activation and detoxication of aflatoxin B1. Mutation Research - Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis. 1998 Jun;402(1-2):121–8. doi: 10.1016/s0027-5107(97)00289-3.
Cytochrome P450 - arranged by substrate type

Accession ID: Reactome:R-DRE-211897
  • 10.1097/00008571-200401000-00001
  • 10.1208/aapsj080112
  • 10.1517/phgs.5.3.305.29827
  • 10.2174/1389200023337054
 Guengerich FP. Cytochrome P450s and other enzymes in drug metabolism and toxicity. The AAPS Journal. 2006 Mar 01;8(1):e101–11. doi: 10.1208/aapsj080112.; Lewis DF. 57 varieties: the human cytochromes P450. Pharmacogenomics. 2004 Apr;5(3):305–18. doi: 10.1517/phgs.5.3.305.29827. PMID: 15102545.; Nelson DR, Zeldin DC, Hoffman SM, Maltais LJ, Wain HM, Nebert DW. Comparison of cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes from the mouse and human genomes, including nomenclature recommendations for genes, pseudogenes and alternative-splice variants. Pharmacogenetics. 2004 Jan;14(1):1–18. doi: 10.1097/00008571-200401000-00001. PMID: 15128046.; Danielson PB. The cytochrome P450 superfamily: biochemistry, evolution and drug metabolism in humans. Curr Drug Metab. 2002 Dec;3(6):561–97. doi: 10.2174/1389200023337054. PMID: 12369887.
Biological oxidations

Accession ID: Reactome:R-DDI-211859		 -
Aflatoxin activation and detoxification

Accession ID: Reactome:R-GGA-5423646
  • 10.1016/s0027-5107(97)00289-3
  • 10.1080/03602530802563850
  • 10.1093/mutage/17.6.471
  • 10.3892/ol.2013.1169
 Hamid AS, Tesfamariam IG, Zhang Y, Zhang ZG. Aflatoxin B1-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in developing countries: Geographical distribution, mechanism of action and prevention. Oncol Lett. 2013 Apr;5(4):1087–92. PMID: 23599745; PMCID: PMC3629261.; Wu Q, Jezkova A, Yuan Z, Pavlikova L, Dohnal V, Kuca K. Biological degradation of aflatoxins. Drug Metab Rev. 2009;41(1):1–7. doi: 10.1080/03602530802563850. PMID: 19514968.; Wild CP, Turner PC. The toxicology of aflatoxins as a basis for public health decisions. Mutagenesis. 2002 Nov;17(6):471–81. doi: 10.1093/mutage/17.6.471. PMID: 12435844.; Guengerich FP, Johnson WW, Shimada T, Ueng Y, Yamazaki H, Langouët S. Activation and detoxication of aflatoxin B1. Mutation Research - Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis. 1998 Jun;402(1-2):121–8. doi: 10.1016/s0027-5107(97)00289-3.
Biological oxidations

Accession ID: Reactome:R-HSA-211859		 -
Aflatoxin activation and detoxification

Accession ID: Reactome:R-HSA-5423646
  • 10.1016/s0027-5107(97)00289-3
  • 10.1080/03602530802563850
  • 10.1093/mutage/17.6.471
  • 10.3892/ol.2013.1169
 Hamid AS, Tesfamariam IG, Zhang Y, Zhang ZG. Aflatoxin B1-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in developing countries: Geographical distribution, mechanism of action and prevention. Oncol Lett. 2013 Apr;5(4):1087–92. PMID: 23599745; PMCID: PMC3629261.; Wu Q, Jezkova A, Yuan Z, Pavlikova L, Dohnal V, Kuca K. Biological degradation of aflatoxins. Drug Metab Rev. 2009;41(1):1–7. doi: 10.1080/03602530802563850. PMID: 19514968.; Wild CP, Turner PC. The toxicology of aflatoxins as a basis for public health decisions. Mutagenesis. 2002 Nov;17(6):471–81. doi: 10.1093/mutage/17.6.471. PMID: 12435844.; Guengerich FP, Johnson WW, Shimada T, Ueng Y, Yamazaki H, Langouët S. Activation and detoxication of aflatoxin B1. Mutation Research - Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis. 1998 Jun;402(1-2):121–8. doi: 10.1016/s0027-5107(97)00289-3.
Metabolism

Accession ID: Reactome:R-MMU-1430728		 -
Biological oxidations

Accession ID: Reactome:R-MMU-211859		 -
Aflatoxin activation and detoxification

Accession ID: Reactome:R-MMU-5423646
  • 10.1016/s0027-5107(97)00289-3
  • 10.1080/03602530802563850
  • 10.1093/mutage/17.6.471
  • 10.3892/ol.2013.1169
 Hamid AS, Tesfamariam IG, Zhang Y, Zhang ZG. Aflatoxin B1-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in developing countries: Geographical distribution, mechanism of action and prevention. Oncol Lett. 2013 Apr;5(4):1087–92. PMID: 23599745; PMCID: PMC3629261.; Wu Q, Jezkova A, Yuan Z, Pavlikova L, Dohnal V, Kuca K. Biological degradation of aflatoxins. Drug Metab Rev. 2009;41(1):1–7. doi: 10.1080/03602530802563850. PMID: 19514968.; Wild CP, Turner PC. The toxicology of aflatoxins as a basis for public health decisions. Mutagenesis. 2002 Nov;17(6):471–81. doi: 10.1093/mutage/17.6.471. PMID: 12435844.; Guengerich FP, Johnson WW, Shimada T, Ueng Y, Yamazaki H, Langouët S. Activation and detoxication of aflatoxin B1. Mutation Research - Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis. 1998 Jun;402(1-2):121–8. doi: 10.1016/s0027-5107(97)00289-3.
Phase I - Functionalization of compounds

Accession ID: Reactome:R-RNO-211945
  • 10.1208/aapsj080112
  • 10.1517/17425255.2.6.895
  • 10.2174/1389200023337054
 Strolin Benedetti M, Whomsley R, Baltes E. Involvement of enzymes other than CYPs in the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics. Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology. 2006 Nov 24;2(6):895–921. doi: 10.1517/17425255.2.6.895.; Guengerich FP. Cytochrome P450s and other enzymes in drug metabolism and toxicity. The AAPS Journal. 2006 Mar 01;8(1):e101–11. doi: 10.1208/aapsj080112.; Danielson PB. The cytochrome P450 superfamily: biochemistry, evolution and drug metabolism in humans. Curr Drug Metab. 2002 Dec;3(6):561–97. doi: 10.2174/1389200023337054. PMID: 12369887.
Xenobiotics

Accession ID: Reactome:R-RNO-211981
  • 10.1208/aapsj080112
  • 10.1517/phgs.5.3.305.29827
  • 10.2174/1389200023337054
 Guengerich FP. Cytochrome P450s and other enzymes in drug metabolism and toxicity. The AAPS Journal. 2006 Mar 01;8(1):e101–11. doi: 10.1208/aapsj080112.; Lewis DF. 57 varieties: the human cytochromes P450. Pharmacogenomics. 2004 Apr;5(3):305–18. doi: 10.1517/phgs.5.3.305.29827. PMID: 15102545.; Danielson PB. The cytochrome P450 superfamily: biochemistry, evolution and drug metabolism in humans. Curr Drug Metab. 2002 Dec;3(6):561–97. doi: 10.2174/1389200023337054. PMID: 12369887.
Phase I - Functionalization of compounds

Accession ID: Reactome:R-SSC-211945
  • 10.1208/aapsj080112
  • 10.1517/17425255.2.6.895
  • 10.2174/1389200023337054
 Strolin Benedetti M, Whomsley R, Baltes E. Involvement of enzymes other than CYPs in the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics. Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology. 2006 Nov 24;2(6):895–921. doi: 10.1517/17425255.2.6.895.; Guengerich FP. Cytochrome P450s and other enzymes in drug metabolism and toxicity. The AAPS Journal. 2006 Mar 01;8(1):e101–11. doi: 10.1208/aapsj080112.; Danielson PB. The cytochrome P450 superfamily: biochemistry, evolution and drug metabolism in humans. Curr Drug Metab. 2002 Dec;3(6):561–97. doi: 10.2174/1389200023337054. PMID: 12369887.
Xenobiotics

Accession ID: Reactome:R-SSC-211981
  • 10.1208/aapsj080112
  • 10.1517/phgs.5.3.305.29827
  • 10.2174/1389200023337054
 Guengerich FP. Cytochrome P450s and other enzymes in drug metabolism and toxicity. The AAPS Journal. 2006 Mar 01;8(1):e101–11. doi: 10.1208/aapsj080112.; Lewis DF. 57 varieties: the human cytochromes P450. Pharmacogenomics. 2004 Apr;5(3):305–18. doi: 10.1517/phgs.5.3.305.29827. PMID: 15102545.; Danielson PB. The cytochrome P450 superfamily: biochemistry, evolution and drug metabolism in humans. Curr Drug Metab. 2002 Dec;3(6):561–97. doi: 10.2174/1389200023337054. PMID: 12369887.