Antimicrobial peptides

Bahar AA, Ren D. Antimicrobial peptides. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2013 Nov 28;6(12):1543–75. PMID: 24287494; PMCID: PMC3873676.; Paulmann M, Arnold T, Linke D, Özdirekcan S, Kopp A, Gutsmann T, Kalbacher H, Wanke I, Schuenemann VJ, Habeck M, Bürck J, Ulrich AS, Schittek B. Structure-Activity Analysis of the Dermcidin-derived Peptide DCD-1L, an Anionic Antimicrobial Peptide Present in Human Sweat. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2012 Mar;287(11):8434–43. doi: 10.1074/jbc.m111.332270.; Riedl S, Zweytick D, Lohner K. Membrane-active host defense peptides – Challenges and perspectives for the development of novel anticancer drugs. Chemistry and Physics of Lipids. 2011 Nov;164(8):766–81. doi: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2011.09.004.; Huang Y, Huang J, Chen Y. Alpha-helical cationic antimicrobial peptides: relationships of structure and function. Protein & Cell. 2010 Feb 06;1(2):143–52. doi: 10.1007/s13238-010-0004-3.; Harris F, Dennison SR, Phoenix DA. Anionic antimicrobial peptides from eukaryotic organisms. Curr Protein Pept Sci. 2009 Dec;10(6):585–606. doi: 10.2174/138920309789630589. PMID: 19751192.; Radek K, Gallo R. Antimicrobial peptides: natural effectors of the innate immune system. Semin Immunopathol. 2007 Apr;29(1):27–43. doi: 10.1007/s00281-007-0064-5. PMID: 17621952.; Lai Y, Villaruz AE, Li M, Cha DJ, Sturdevant DE, Otto M. The human anionic antimicrobial peptide dermcidin induces proteolytic defence mechanisms in staphylococci. Mol Microbiol. 2007 Jan;63(2):497–506. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05540.x. PMID: 17176256.; Zelezetsky I, Tossi A. Alpha-helical antimicrobial peptides—Using a sequence template to guide structure–activity relationship studies. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes. 2006 Sep;1758(9):1436–49. doi: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2006.03.021.; Brown KL, Hancock RE. Cationic host defense (antimicrobial) peptides. Curr Opin Immunol. 2006 Feb;18(1):24–30. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2005.11.004. PMID: 16337365.; Dennison SR, Wallace J, Harris F, Phoenix DA. Amphiphilic alpha-helical antimicrobial peptides and their structure/function relationships. Protein Pept Lett. 2005 Jan;12(1):31–9. doi: 10.2174/0929866053406084. PMID: 15638801.; Bradshaw J. Cationic antimicrobial peptides : issues for potential clinical use. BioDrugs. 2003;17(4):233–40. doi: 10.2165/00063030-200317040-00002. PMID: 12899640.; Yeaman MR, Yount NY. Mechanisms of antimicrobial peptide action and resistance. Pharmacol Rev. 2003 Mar;55(1):27–55. doi: 10.1124/pr.55.1.2. PMID: 12615953.; Zasloff M. Antimicrobial peptides of multicellular organisms. Nature. 2002 Jan 24;415(6870):389–95. doi: 10.1038/415389a. PMID: 11807545.; Shai Y. Mode of action of membrane active antimicrobial peptides. Biopolymers. 2002;66(4):236–48. doi: 10.1002/bip.10260. PMID: 12491537.; Groenink J, Walgreen-Weterings E, van 't Hof W, Veerman EC, Nieuw Amerongen AV. Cationic amphipathic peptides, derived from bovine and human lactoferrins, with antimicrobial activity against oral pathogens. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1999 Oct 15;179(2):217–22. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1999.tb08730.x. PMID: 10518718.

Metabolites

2,5-Dihydroxybenzoate

Formula: C7H6O4 (154.0266076)

CAS ID: 490-79-9

Calcium cation

Formula: Ca (39.962591)

CAS ID: 14127-61-8

Cu+

Formula: Cu (62.929599)

CAS ID: 17493-86-6

Fe3+

Formula: Fe (55.934939)

CAS ID: 7439-89-6

H+

Formula: H (1.0078246)

CAS ID: 12408-02-5

H2O

Formula: H2O (18.0105642)

CAS ID: 7732-18-5

Manganese(2+)

Formula: Mn (54.938046)

CAS ID: 7439-96-5

N-Acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine

Formula: C8H15NO6 (221.089933)

CAS ID: 14131-68-1

N-Acetylmuramate

Formula: C11H19NO8 (293.1110614)

CAS ID: 61633-75-8

Sodium cation

Formula: Na (22.98977)

CAS ID: 17341-25-2

Zinc cation

Formula: Zn (63.929145)

CAS ID: 23713-49-7

carbonate

Formula: CO3 (59.984745000000004)

CAS ID: 3812-32-6

ATP(4-)

Formula: C10H12N5O13P3 (502.9644492)

CAS ID:

ADP(3-)

Formula: C10H12N5O10P2 (424.0059412)

CAS ID:



Enzyme

EC Number name full name note
3.1.1.4 phospholipase A2 phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase
3.2.1.17 lysozyme peptidoglycan N-acetylmuramoylhydrolase
7.2.2.8 P-type Cu+ transporter ATP phosphohydrolase (P-type, Cu+-exporting)


Proteins

Protein ID name full name