Glycerophospholipid biosynthesis

Orsó E, Grandl M, Schmitz G. Oxidized LDL-induced endolysosomal phospholipidosis and enzymatically modified LDL-induced foam cell formation determine specific lipid species modulation in human macrophages. Chem Phys Lipids. 2011 Sep;164(6):479–87. doi: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2011.06.001. PMID: 21683693.; Scherer M, Schmitz G. Metabolism, function and mass spectrometric analysis of bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate and cardiolipin. Chem Phys Lipids. 2011 Sep;164(6):556–62. doi: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2011.06.007. PMID: 21704024.; Hermansson M, Hokynar K, Somerharju P. Mechanisms of glycerophospholipid homeostasis in mammalian cells. Prog Lipid Res. 2011 Jul;50(3):240–57. doi: 10.1016/j.plipres.2011.02.004. PMID: 21382416.; Osman C, Voelker DR, Langer T. Making heads or tails of phospholipids in mitochondria. J Cell Biol. 2011 Jan 10;192(1):7–16. PMID: 21220505; PMCID: PMC3019561.; Lev S. Non-vesicular lipid transport by lipid-transfer proteins and beyond. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology. 2010 Sep 08;11(10):739–50. doi: 10.1038/nrm2971.; Lebiedzinska M, Szabadkai G, Jones AWE, Duszynski J, Wieckowski MR. Interactions between the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, plasma membrane and other subcellular organelles. The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology. 2009 Oct;41(10):1805–16. doi: 10.1016/j.biocel.2009.02.017.

Metabolites

Acetylcholine

Formula: C7H16NO2 (146.1180976)

CAS ID: 51-84-3

Calcium cation

Formula: Ca (39.962591)

CAS ID: 14127-61-8

CDP-choline

Formula: C14H26N4O11P2 (488.10732659999996)

CAS ID: 987-78-0

Choline

Formula: C5H14NO (104.10753340000001)

CAS ID: 62-49-7

Ethanolamine phosphate

Formula: C2H8NO4P (141.0190938)

CAS ID: 1071-23-4

Glycerol

Formula: C3H8O3 (92.0473418)

CAS ID: 56-81-5

H+

Formula: H (1.0078246)

CAS ID: 12408-02-5

H2O

Formula: H2O (18.0105642)

CAS ID: 7732-18-5

Magnesium cation

Formula: Mg (23.98505)

CAS ID: 22537-22-0

myo-Inositol

Formula: C6H12O6 (180.0633852)

CAS ID: 87-89-8

Zinc cation

Formula: Zn (63.929145)

CAS ID: 23713-49-7

Glycerophosphocholine

Formula: C8H20NO6P (257.102819)

CAS ID: 28319-77-9

ATP(4-)

Formula: C10H12N5O13P3 (502.9644492)

CAS ID:

NAD(1-)

Formula: C21H26N7O14P2 (662.1012936000001)

CAS ID: 53-84-9

ADP(3-)

Formula: C10H12N5O10P2 (424.0059412)

CAS ID:



Enzyme

EC Number name full name note
2.3.-.-
1.1.5.3 glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase sn-glycerol 3-phosphate:quinone oxidoreductase
2.1.1.17 phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase S-adenosyl-L-methionine:phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase
2.1.1.71 phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase S-adenosyl-L-methionine:phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase
2.3.1.20 diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
2.3.1.22 2-acylglycerol O-acyltransferase acyl-CoA:2-acylglycerol O-acyltransferase
2.3.1.23 1-acylglycerophosphocholine O-acyltransferase acyl-CoA:1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine O-acyltransferase
2.3.1.51 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase acyl-CoA:1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 2-O-acyltransferase
2.3.1.7 carnitine O-acetyltransferase acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
2.7.1.32 choline kinase ATP:choline phosphotransferase
2.7.1.91 sphingosine kinase ATP:sphingoid base 1-phosphotransferase
2.7.7.14 ethanolamine-phosphate cytidylyltransferase CTP:ethanolamine-phosphate cytidylyltransferase
2.7.7.15 choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase CTP:choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase
2.7.7.41 phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase CTP:phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase
2.7.8.11 CDP-diacylglycerol-inositol 3-phosphatidyltransferase CDP-diacylglycerol:myo-inositol 3-phosphatidyltransferase
2.7.8.2 diacylglycerol cholinephosphotransferase CDP-choline:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol cholinephosphotransferase
2.7.8.41 cardiolipin synthase (CMP-forming) CDP-diacylglycerol:L-1-phosphatidyl-glycerol diacylglycerolphosphotransferase (CMP-forming)
3.1.1.23 acylglycerol lipase glycerol-ester acylhydrolase
3.1.3.1 alkaline phosphatase phosphate-monoester phosphohydrolase (alkaline optimum)
3.1.3.4 phosphatidate phosphatase diacylglycerol-3-phosphate phosphohydrolase
3.1.3.54 fructose-2,6-bisphosphate 6-phosphatase beta-D-fructose-2,6-bisphosphate 6-phosphohydrolase
3.1.4.4 phospholipase D phosphatidylcholine phosphatidohydrolase
3.1.7.6 farnesyl diphosphatase (2E,6E)-farnesyl-diphosphate diphosphohydrolase


Proteins

Protein ID name full name
P05375 OPI3 Phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase
P06197 PIS1 CDP-diacylglycerol--inositol 3-phosphatidyltransferase
P11491 PHO8 Repressible alkaline phosphatase
P13259 PCT1 Choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase
P17898 CPT1 Cholinephosphotransferase 1
P20485 CKI1 Choline kinase
P28321 YJU3 Monoglyceride lipase
P32191 GUT2 Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
P32567 PAH1 Phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolase 1
P32796 CAT2 Carnitine O-acetyltransferase, mitochondrial
P33412 ECT1 Ethanolamine-phosphate cytidylyltransferase
P36126 SPO14 Phospholipase D1
P38221 CDS1 Phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase
P38226 CST26 2-acyl-1-lysophosphatidylinositol acyltransferase
P53264 CLD1 Cardiolipin-specific deacylase 1, mitochondrial
Q06147 LCB5 Sphingoid long chain base kinase 5
Q06510 TAZ1 Tafazzin
Q07560 CRD1 Cardiolipin synthase (CMP-forming)
Q08548 ALE1 Lysophospholipid acyltransferase
Q08650 DGA1 Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1
Q12204 YOR22_YEAST Probable phospholipase YOR022C, mitochondrial