Toll-like Receptor Cascades

Kawai T, Akira S. Pathogen recognition with Toll-like receptors. Curr Opin Immunol. 2005 Aug;17(4):338–44. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2005.02.007. PMID: 15950447.; Heine H, Ulmer AJ. Recognition of bacterial products by toll-like receptors. Chem Immunol Allergy. 2005;86():99–119. doi: 10.1159/000086654. PMID: 15976490.; Takeda K, Akira S. Toll-like receptors in innate immunity. Int Immunol. 2005 Jan;17(1):1–14. doi: 10.1093/intimm/dxh186. PMID: 15585605.; Takeda K, Akira S. TLR signaling pathways. Semin Immunol. 2004 Feb;16(1):3–9. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2003.10.003. PMID: 14751757.; Akira S. Toll-like Receptor Signaling. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2003 Oct;278(40):38105–8. doi: 10.1074/jbc.r300028200.

Metabolites

Calcium cation

Formula: Ca (39.962591)

CAS ID: 14127-61-8

Cholesterol

Formula: C27H46O (386.3548466)

CAS ID: 57-88-5

H+

Formula: H (1.0078246)

CAS ID: 12408-02-5

H2O

Formula: H2O (18.0105642)

CAS ID: 7732-18-5

ATP(4-)

Formula: C10H12N5O13P3 (502.9644492)

CAS ID:

ADP(3-)

Formula: C10H12N5O10P2 (424.0059412)

CAS ID:



Enzyme

EC Number name full name note
3.2.2.-
2.3.2.23 E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme S-ubiquitinyl-[E1 ubiquitin-activating enzyme]-L-cysteine:[E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme] ubiquitinyl transferase
2.3.2.27 RING-type E3 ubiquitin transferase [E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme]-S-ubiquitinyl-L-cysteine:[acceptor protein] ubiquitin transferase (isopeptide bond-forming; RING-type)
2.7.1.137 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase ATP:1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphotransferase
2.7.11.1 non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase ATP:protein phosphotransferase (non-specific)
2.7.11.10 IkappaB kinase ATP:[IkappaB protein] phosphotransferase
2.7.11.24 mitogen-activated protein kinase ATP:protein phosphotransferase (MAPKK-activated)
2.7.11.25 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase ATP:protein phosphotransferase (MAPKKKK-activated)
2.7.12.2 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase ATP:protein phosphotransferase (MAPKKK-activated)
3.1.3.48 protein-tyrosine-phosphatase protein-tyrosine-phosphate phosphohydrolase
3.1.4.11 phosphoinositide phospholipase C 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol-4,5-bisphosphate inositoltrisphosphohydrolase
3.2.2.6 ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase NAD+ glycohydrolase (cyclic ADP-ribose-forming)
3.4.22.61 caspase-8


Proteins

Protein ID name full name