allopregnanolone biosynthesis

Melcangi RC, Panzica GC. Allopregnanolone: state of the art. Prog Neurobiol. 2014 Feb;113():1–5. doi: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2013.09.005. PMID: 24121112.; Pelletier G. Steroidogenic enzymes in the brain: morphological aspects. Prog Brain Res. 2010;181():193–207. doi: 10.1016/s0079-6123(08)81011-4. PMID: 20478439.; Penning TM, Burczynski ME, Jez JM, Hung CF, Lin HK, Ma H, Moore M, Palackal N, Ratnam K. Human 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase isoforms (AKR1C1-AKR1C4) of the aldo-keto reductase superfamily: functional plasticity and tissue distribution reveals roles in the inactivation and formation of male and female sex hormones. Biochem J. 2000 Oct 01;351(Pt 1):67–77. PMID: 10998348; PMCID: PMC1221336.; Follesa P, Serra M, Cagetti E, Pisu MG, Porta S, Floris S, Massa F, Sanna E, Biggio G. Allopregnanolone Synthesis in Cerebellar Granule Cells: Roles in Regulation of GABAA Receptor Expression and Function during Progesterone Treatment and Withdrawal. Molecular Pharmacology. 2000 Jun;57(6):1262–70. doi: 10.1016/s0026-895x(24)23238-7.; Mensah-Nyagan AG, Do-Rego J, Beaujean D, Luu-The V, Pelletier G, Vaudry H. Neurosteroids: Expression of Steroidogenic Enzymes and Regulation of Steroid Biosynthesis in the Central Nervous System. Pharmacological Reviews. 1999 Mar;51(1):63–81. doi: 10.1016/s0031-6997(24)01395-4.; Giacomini M, Wright F. The effects of progesterone and pregnanedione on the reductive metabolism of dihydrotestosterone in human skin. J Steroid Biochem. 1980 Jun;13(6):645–51. doi: 10.1016/0022-4731(80)90031-x. PMID: 7382504.

Metabolites

H+

Formula: H (1.0078246)

CAS ID: 12408-02-5

Isopregnanolone

Formula: C21H34O2 (318.2558664)

CAS ID: 516-55-2

Progesterone

Formula: C21H30O2 (314.224568)

CAS ID: 57-83-0

NADPH(4-)

Formula: C21H26N7O17P3 (741.0598016)

CAS ID: 53-57-6

NADP(3-)

Formula: C21H25N7O17P3 (740.051977)

CAS ID: 53-59-8



Enzyme

EC Number name full name note
1.-.-.-
1.1.1.112 indanol dehydrogenase indan-1-ol:NAD(P)+ 1-oxidoreductase
1.1.1.149 20alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 20alpha-hydroxysteroid:NAD(P)+ 20-oxidoreductase
1.1.1.188 prostaglandin-F synthase (5Z,13E)-(15S)-9alpha,11alpha,15-trihydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate:NADP+ 11-oxidoreductase
1.1.1.209 3(or 17)alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3(or 17)alpha-hydroxysteroid:NAD(P)+ oxidoreductase
1.1.1.210 3beta(or 20alpha)-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3beta(or 20alpha)-hydroxysteroid:NADP+ oxidoreductase
1.1.1.225 chlordecone reductase chlordecone-alcohol:NADP+ 2-oxidoreductase
1.1.1.239 3alpha(17beta)-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (NAD+) 3alpha(or 17beta)-hydroxysteroid:NAD+ oxidoreductase
1.1.1.357 3alpha-hydroxysteroid 3-dehydrogenase 3alpha-hydroxysteroid:NAD(P)+ 3-oxidoreductase
1.1.1.51 3(or 17)beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3(or 17)beta-hydroxysteroid:NAD(P)+ oxidoreductase
1.1.1.53 3alpha(or 20beta)-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3alpha(or 20beta)-hydroxysteroid:NAD+ oxidoreductase
1.1.1.62 17beta-estradiol 17-dehydrogenase 17beta-estradiol:NAD(P)+ 17-oxidoreductase
1.1.1.64 testosterone 17beta-dehydrogenase (NADP+) 17beta-hydroxysteroid:NADP+ 17-oxidoreductase
1.3.1.20 trans-1,2-dihydrobenzene-1,2-diol dehydrogenase trans-1,2-dihydrobenzene-1,2-diol:NADP+ oxidoreductase
1.3.1.22 3-oxo-5alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase (NADP+) 3-oxo-5alpha-steroid:NADP+ DELTA4-oxidoreductase


Proteins

Protein ID name full name