Glutamate and glutamine metabolism

Häussinger D. Liver glutamine metabolism. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1990 Jul;14(4 Suppl):56S–62S. doi: 10.1177/014860719001400405. PMID: 2205732.; Owen OE, Reichard GA, Patel MS, Boden G. Energy metabolism in feasting and fasting. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1979;111():169–88. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4757-0734-2_8. PMID: 371355.; Felig P. Amino acid metabolism in man. Annu Rev Biochem. 1975;44():933–55. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.44.070175.004441. PMID: 1094924.

Metabolites

H+

Formula: H (1.0078246)

CAS ID: 12408-02-5

H2O

Formula: H2O (18.0105642)

CAS ID: 7732-18-5

N-acetyl-L-aspartate(2-)

Formula: C6H7NO5 (173.0324212)

CAS ID:

oxaloacetate(2-)

Formula: C4H2O5 (129.9902242)

CAS ID: 149-63-3

2-oxoglutarate(2-)

Formula: C5H4O5 (144.00587339999998)

CAS ID: 64-15-3

L-aspartate(1-)

Formula: C4H6NO4 (132.0296816)

CAS ID:

pyruvate

Formula: C3H3O3 (87.00821880000001)

CAS ID: 57-60-3

2-oxoglutaramate

Formula: C5H6NO4 (144.0296816)

CAS ID: 18465-19-5

1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

Formula: C5H6NO2 (112.03985159999999)

CAS ID:

NADPH(4-)

Formula: C21H26N7O17P3 (741.0598016)

CAS ID: 53-57-6

ATP(4-)

Formula: C10H12N5O13P3 (502.9644492)

CAS ID:

GTP(4-)

Formula: C10H12N5O14P3 (518.9593642)

CAS ID: 86527-72-2

NADH(2-)

Formula: C21H27N7O14P2 (663.1091182000001)

CAS ID:

NAD(1-)

Formula: C21H26N7O14P2 (662.1012936000001)

CAS ID: 53-84-9

ADP(3-)

Formula: C10H12N5O10P2 (424.0059412)

CAS ID:

NADP(3-)

Formula: C21H25N7O17P3 (740.051977)

CAS ID: 53-59-8

Ac-Asp-Glu(3-)

Formula: C11H13N2O8 (301.0671878)

CAS ID:



Enzyme

EC Number name full name note
1.2.1.41 glutamate-5-semialdehyde dehydrogenase L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde:NADP+ 5-oxidoreductase (phosphorylating)
1.4.1.3 glutamate dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] L-glutamate:NAD(P)+ oxidoreductase (deaminating)
1.5.1.2 pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase L-proline:NAD(P)+ 5-oxidoreductase
2.3.1.225 protein S-acyltransferase palmitoyl-CoA:[protein]-L-cysteine S-palmitoyltransferase
2.6.1.1 aspartate transaminase L-aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
2.6.1.13 ornithine aminotransferase L-ornithine:2-oxo-acid aminotransferase
2.6.1.64 glutamine-phenylpyruvate transaminase L-glutamine:phenylpyruvate aminotransferase
2.6.1.7 kynurenine-oxoglutarate transaminase L-kynurenine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
2.7.2.11 glutamate 5-kinase ATP:L-glutamate 5-phosphotransferase
3.5.1.2 glutaminase L-glutamine amidohydrolase
4.4.1.13 cysteine-S-conjugate beta-lyase L-cysteine-S-conjugate thiol-lyase (deaminating; pyruvate-forming)
6.3.1.2 glutamine synthetase L-glutamate:ammonia ligase (ADP-forming)


Proteins

Protein ID name full name