superpathway of thiamine diphosphate biosynthesis III (eukaryotes)

Godoi PHC, Galhardo RS, Luche DD, Van Sluys M, Menck CFM, Oliva G. Structure of the Thiazole Biosynthetic Enzyme THI1 from Arabidopsis thaliana. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2006 Oct;281(41):30957–66. doi: 10.1074/jbc.m604469200.; Ribeiro DT, Farias LP, de Almeida JD, Kashiwabara PM, Ribeiro AF, Silva-Filho MC, Menck CF, Van Sluys MA. Functional characterization of the thi1 promoter region from Arabidopsis thaliana. J Exp Bot. 2005 Jul;56(417):1797–804. doi: 10.1093/jxb/eri168. PMID: 15897230.; Lawhorn BG, Mehl RA, Begley TP. Biosynthesis of the thiamin pyrimidine: the reconstitution of a remarkable rearrangement reaction. Org Biomol Chem. 2004 Sep 07;2(17):2538–46. doi: 10.1039/b405429f. PMID: 15326535.; Makarchikov AF, Lakaye B, Gulyai IE, Czerniecki J, Coumans B, Wins P, Grisar T, Bettendorff L. Thiamine triphosphate and thiamine triphosphatase activities: from bacteria to mammals. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences (CMLS). 2003 Jul 01;60(7):1477–88. doi: 10.1007/s00018-003-3098-4.; Chabregas SM, Luche DD, Farias LP, Ribeiro AF, van Sluys MA, Menck CF, Silva-Filho MC. Dual targeting properties of the N-terminal signal sequence of Arabidopsis thaliana THI1 protein to mitochondria and chloroplasts. Plant Mol Biol. 2001 Aug;46(6):639–50. doi: 10.1023/a:1011628510711. PMID: 11575719.; Este´vez JM, Cantero A, Romero C, Kawaide H, Jime´nez LF, Kuzuyama T, Seto H, Kamiya Y, Leo´n P. Analysis of the Expression of CLA1, a Gene That Encodes the 1-Deoxyxylulose 5-Phosphate Synthase of the 2-C-Methyl-d-Erythritol-4-Phosphate Pathway in Arabidopsis. 2000 Sep 01;124(1):95–104. doi: 10.1104/pp.124.1.95.; Suk Kim Y, Nosaka K, Downs DM, Myoung Kwak J, Park D, Kyung Chung I, Gil Nam H. A Brassica cDNA clone encoding a bifunctional hydroxymethylpyrimidine kinase/thiamin-phosphate pyrophosphorylase involved in thiamin biosynthesis. Plant Molecular Biology. 1998 Aug;37(6):955–66. doi: 10.1023/a:1006030617502.; Jacob-Wilk D, Goldschmidt EE, Riov J, Sadka A, Holland D. Induction of a Citrus gene highly homologous to plant and yeast thi genes involved in thiamine biosynthesis during natural and ethylene-induced fruit maturation. Plant Mol Biol. 1997 Nov;35(5):661–6. doi: 10.1023/a:1005833724582. PMID: 9349287.; Machado CR, Praekelt UM, de Oliveira RC, Barbosa ACC, Byrne KL, Meacock PA, Menck CFM. Dual role for the yeast THI4 gene in thiamine biosynthesis and DNA damage tolerance. Journal of Molecular Biology. 1997 Oct;273(1):114–21. doi: 10.1006/jmbi.1997.1302.; Ribeiro A, Praekelt U, Akkermans ADL, Meacock PA, van Kammen A, Bisseling T, Pawlowski K. Identification of agthi1, whose product is involved in biosynthesis of the thiamine precursor thiazole, in actinorhizal nodules of Alnus glutinosa. The Plant Journal. 1996 Aug;10(2):361–8. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-313x.1996.10020361.x.; Machado CR, Costa de Oliveira RL, Boiteux S, Praekelt UM, Meacock PA, Menck CFM. Thi1, a thiamine biosynthetic gene inArabidopsis thaliana, complements bacterial defects in DNA repair. Plant Molecular Biology. 1996 Jun;31(3):585–93. doi: 10.1007/bf00042231.; Belanger FC, Leustek T, Chu B, Kriz AL. Evidence for the thiamine biosynthetic pathway in higher-plant plastids and its developmental regulation. Plant Mol Biol. 1995 Nov;29(4):809–21. doi: 10.1007/bf00041170. PMID: 8541506.; Zurlinden A, Schweingruber ME. Cloning, nucleotide sequence, and regulation of Schizosaccharomyces pombe thi4, a thiamine biosynthetic gene. J Bacteriol. 1994 Nov;176(21):6631–5. doi: 10.1128/jb.176.21.6631-6635.1994.; Vander Horn PB, Backstrom AD, Stewart V, Begley TP. Structural genes for thiamine biosynthetic enzymes (thiCEFGH) in Escherichia coli K-12. J Bacteriol. 1993 Feb;175(4):982–92. doi: 10.1128/jb.175.4.982-992.1993.; Julliard JH, Douce R. Biosynthesis of the thiazole moiety of thiamin (vitamin B1) in higher plant chloroplasts. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1991 Mar 15;88(6):2042–5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.6.2042.; Nosaka K. High affinity of acid phosphatase encoded by PHO3 gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for thiamin phosphates. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure and Molecular Enzymology. 1990 Feb;1037(2):147–54. doi: 10.1016/0167-4838(90)90160-h.

Metabolites

5'-Deoxyadenosine

Formula: C10H13N5O3 (251.10183480000003)

CAS ID: 4754-39-6

CO

Formula: CO (27.994915)

CAS ID: 630-08-0

CO2

Formula: CO2 (43.98983)

CAS ID: 124-38-9

Diphosphate

Formula: H4P2O7 (177.9432294)

CAS ID: 2466-09-3

H+

Formula: H (1.0078246)

CAS ID: 12408-02-5

H2O

Formula: H2O (18.0105642)

CAS ID: 7732-18-5

Nicotinamide

Formula: C6H6N2O (122.0480106)

CAS ID: 98-92-0

Thiamine

Formula: C12H17N4OS (265.1123012)

CAS ID: 70-16-6

formate

Formula: CHO2 (44.997654600000004)

CAS ID: 71-47-6

ATP(4-)

Formula: C10H12N5O13P3 (502.9644492)

CAS ID:

NAD(1-)

Formula: C21H26N7O14P2 (662.1012936000001)

CAS ID: 53-84-9

ADP(3-)

Formula: C10H12N5O10P2 (424.0059412)

CAS ID:



Enzyme

EC Number name full name note
2.4.2.60 cysteine-dependent adenosine diphosphate thiazole synthase NAD+:glycine ADP-D-ribosyltransferase (dehydroalanine-producing)
2.5.1.3 thiamine phosphate synthase 4-amino-2-methyl-5-diphosphomethylpyrimidine:2-[(2R,5Z)-2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5(2H)-ylidene]ethyl phosphate 4-amino-2-methylpyrimidine-5-methenyltransferase (decarboxylating)
2.7.1.49 hydroxymethylpyrimidine kinase ATP:4-amino-5-hydroxymethyl-2-methylpyrimidine 5-phosphotransferase
2.7.1.50 hydroxyethylthiazole kinase ATP:4-methyl-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)thiazole 2-phosphotransferase
2.7.4.7 phosphooxymethylpyrimidine kinase ATP:4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine phosphotransferase
2.7.6.2 thiamine diphosphokinase ATP:thiamine diphosphotransferase
3.1.3.100 thiamine phosphate phosphatase thiamine phosphate phosphohydrolase
3.5.99.2 aminopyrimidine aminohydrolase 4-amino-5-aminomethyl-2-methylpyrimidine aminohydrolase
4.1.99.17 phosphomethylpyrimidine synthase 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole formate-lyase (decarboxylating, 4-amino-2-methyl-5-phosphomethylpyrimidine-forming)


Proteins

Protein ID name full name
P32318 THI4 Thiamine thiazole synthase
P35202 THI80 Thiamine pyrophosphokinase
P41835 THI6 Thiamine biosynthetic bifunctional enzyme
Q08224 THI20 Hydroxymethylpyrimidine/phosphomethylpyrimidine kinase THI20
Q08975 THI21 Hydroxymethylpyrimidine/phosphomethylpyrimidine kinase THI21