superpathway of glycosphingolipids biosynthesis

Schwientek T, Almeida R, Levery SB, Holmes EH, Bennett E, Clausen H. Cloning of a novel member of the UDP-galactose:beta-N-acetylglucosamine beta1,4-galactosyltransferase family, beta4Gal-T4, involved in glycosphingolipid biosynthesis. J Biol Chem. 1998 Nov 06;273(45):29331–40. doi: 10.1074/jbc.273.45.29331. PMID: 9792633.; Nomura T, Takizawa M, Aoki J, Arai H, Inoue K, Wakisaka E, Yoshizuka N, Imokawa G, Dohmae N, Takio K, Hattori M, Matsuo N. Purification, cDNA cloning, and expression of UDP-Gal: glucosylceramide beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase from rat brain. J Biol Chem. 1998 May 29;273(22):13570–7. doi: 10.1074/jbc.273.22.13570. PMID: 9593693.; Chatterjee S, Ghosh N, Khurana S. Purification of uridine diphosphate-galactose:glucosyl ceramide, beta 1-4 galactosyltransferase from human kidney. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 1992 Apr;267(10):7148–53. doi: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)50550-6.; Chatterjee S, Castiglione E. UDPgalactose:glucosylceramide ß1 ? 4-galactosyltransferase activity in human proximal tubular cells from normal and familial hypercholesterolemic homozygotes. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects. 1987 Jan;923(1):136–42. doi: 10.1016/0304-4165(87)90136-x.

Metabolites

H+

Formula: H (1.0078246)

CAS ID: 12408-02-5

Manganese(2+)

Formula: Mn (54.938046)

CAS ID: 7439-96-5

Trihexosylceramide (d18:1/22:0)

Formula: C58H109NO18 (1107.7644254)

CAS ID:

Ganglioside GM2 (d18:1/24:1(15Z))

Formula: C73H131N3O26 (1465.9020346)

CAS ID:

Tetrahexosylceramide (d18:1/26:0)

Formula: C70H130N2O23 (1366.906391)

CAS ID:

UDP-alpha-D-glucose(2-)

Formula: C15H22N2O17P2 (564.0393702)

CAS ID:

UDP(3-)

Formula: C9H11N2O12P2 (400.9787246)

CAS ID: 86527-70-0



Enzyme

EC Number name full name note
2.4.1.-
2.4.1.149 N-acetyllactosaminide beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine:beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-R 3-beta N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (configuration-inverting)
2.4.1.206 lactosylceramide 1,3-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyltransferase UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine:beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide 3-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase
2.4.1.22 lactose synthase UDP-galactose:D-glucose 4-beta-D-galactosyltransferase
2.4.1.228 lactosylceramide 4-alpha-galactosyltransferase UDP-galactose:beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide 4II-alpha-D-galactosyltransferase
2.4.1.274 glucosylceramide beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase UDP-galactose:beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase
2.4.1.275 neolactotriaosylceramide beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase UDP-alpha-D-galactose:N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1beta4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide 4-beta-D-galactosyltransferase
2.4.1.344 type 2 galactoside alpha-(1,2)-fucosyltransferase GDP-beta-L-fucose:beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-R alpha-(1,2)-L-fucosyltransferase (configuration-inverting)
2.4.1.38 beta-N-acetylglucosaminylglycopeptide beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase UDP-galactose:N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminylglycopeptide 4-beta-galactosyltransferase
2.4.1.62 ganglioside galactosyltransferase UDP-alpha-D-galactose:N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-[alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)]-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide 3-beta-D-galactosyltransferase
2.4.1.69 type 1 galactoside alpha-(1,2)-fucosyltransferase GDP-beta-L-fucose:beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-R alpha-(1,2)-L-fucosyltransferase (configuration-inverting)
2.4.1.79 globotriaosylceramide 3-beta-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine:alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide III3-beta-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyltransferase
2.4.1.80 ceramide glucosyltransferase UDP-glucose:N-acylsphingosine D-glucosyltransferase
2.4.1.86 N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide beta-(1,3)-galactosyltransferase UDP-alpha-D-galactose:N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-R 3-beta-D-galactosyltransferase
2.4.1.90 N-acetyllactosamine synthase UDP-galactose:N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 4-beta-D-galactosyltransferase
2.4.1.92 (N-acetylneuraminyl)-galactosylglucosylceramide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine:1-O-[O-(N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl)-(2->3)-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-ceramide 4-beta-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyltransferase
2.4.3.1 beta-galactoside alpha-(2,6)-sialyltransferase CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate:beta-D-galactoside alpha-(2->6)-N-acetylneuraminyltransferase (configuration-inverting)
2.4.3.2 beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminide alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate:a beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-R alpha-(2->3)-N-acetylneuraminyltransferase (configuration-inverting)
2.4.3.4 beta-galactoside alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase CMP-N-acetylneuraminate:beta-D-galactoside alpha-(2->3)-N-acetylneuraminyl-transferase
2.4.3.6 N-acetyllactosaminide alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate:beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-R (2->3)-N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyltransferase (configuration-inverting)
2.4.3.8 alpha-N-acetylneuraminate alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase CMP-N-acetylneuraminate:alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactoside alpha-(2->8)-N-acetylneuraminyltransferase
2.4.3.9 lactosylceramide alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase CMP-N-acetylneuraminate:beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide alpha-(2->3)-N-acetylneuraminyltransferase


Proteins

Protein ID name full name