glycine betaine biosynthesis IV (from glycine)

Waditee R, Tanaka Y, Aoki K, Hibino T, Jikuya H, Takano J, Takabe T, Takabe T. Isolation and Functional Characterization ofN-Methyltransferases That Catalyze Betaine Synthesis from Glycine in a Halotolerant Photosynthetic Organism Aphanothece halophytica. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2003 Feb;278(7):4932–42. doi: 10.1074/jbc.m210970200.; Nyysso¨la¨ A, Reinikainen T, Leisola M. Characterization of Glycine Sarcosine N -Methyltransferase and Sarcosine Dimethylglycine N -Methyltransferase. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2001 May;67(5):2044–50. doi: 10.1128/aem.67.5.2044-2050.2001.; Nyyssölä A, Kerovuo J, Kaukinen P, von Weymarn N, Reinikainen T. Extreme Halophiles Synthesize Betaine from Glycine by Methylation. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2000 Jul;275(29):22196–201. doi: 10.1074/jbc.m910111199.

Metabolites

Betaine

Formula: C5H11NO2 (117.0789746)

CAS ID: 107-43-7

Butylate

Formula: C11H23NOS (217.15002679999998)

CAS ID: 2008-41-5

Cl-

Formula: Cl (34.968853)

CAS ID: 16887-00-6

H+

Formula: H (1.0078246)

CAS ID: 12408-02-5

Potassium chloride

Formula: ClK (73.93256099999999)

CAS ID: 7447-40-7

acetate

Formula: C2H3O2 (59.0133038)

CAS ID: 71-50-1



Enzyme

EC Number name full name note
2.1.1.156 glycine/sarcosine N-methyltransferase S-adenosyl-L-methionine:glycine(or sarcosine) N-methyltransferase [sarcosine(or N,N-dimethylglycine)-forming]
2.1.1.157 sarcosine/dimethylglycine N-methyltransferase S-adenosyl-L-methionine:sarcosine(or N,N-dimethylglycine) N-methyltransferase [N,N-dimethylglycine(or betaine)-forming]


Proteins

Protein ID name full name
Q83WC4 GSMT_APHHA Glycine/sarcosine N-methyltransferase
Q9KJ20 GSDMT_ACTHA Glycine/sarcosine/dimethylglycine N-methyltransferase
Q9KJ21 SDMT_HALHR Sarcosine/dimethylglycine N-methyltransferase
Q9KJ22 GSMT_HALHR Glycine/sarcosine N-methyltransferase