RHO GTPases activate PAKs

Chan PM, Manser E. PAKs in human disease. Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. 2012;106():171–87. doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-396456-4.00011-0. PMID: 22340718.; Wang J, Wu JW, Wang ZX. Mechanistic studies of the autoactivation of PAK2: a two-step model of cis initiation followed by trans amplification. J Biol Chem. 2011 Jan 28;286(4):2689–95. PMID: 21098037; PMCID: PMC3024765.; Szczepanowska J. Involvement of Rac/Cdc42/PAK pathway in cytoskeletal rearrangements. Acta Biochim Pol. 2009 Jun 10;56(2). doi: 10.18388/abp.2009_2453.; Jung J, Traugh JA. Regulation of the Interaction of Pak2 with Cdc42 via Autophosphorylation of Serine 141. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2005 Dec;280(48):40025–31. doi: 10.1074/jbc.m509075200.; Parrini MC, Lei M, Harrison SC, Mayer BJ. Pak1 kinase homodimers are autoinhibited in trans and dissociated upon activation by Cdc42 and Rac1. Mol Cell. 2002 Jan;9(1):73–83. doi: 10.1016/s1097-2765(01)00428-2. PMID: 11804587.; Chong C, Tan L, Lim L, Manser E. The mechanism of PAK activation. Autophosphorylation events in both regulatory and kinase domains control activity. J Biol Chem. 2001 May 18;276(20):17347–53. doi: 10.1074/jbc.m009316200. PMID: 11278486.; Lei M, Lu W, Meng W, Parrini MC, Eck MJ, Mayer BJ, Harrison SC. Structure of PAK1 in an autoinhibited conformation reveals a multistage activation switch. Cell. 2000 Aug 04;102(3):387–97. doi: 10.1016/s0092-8674(00)00043-x. PMID: 10975528.; Daniels RH, Bokoch GM. p21-activated protein kinase: a crucial component of morphological signaling? Trends Biochem Sci. 1999 Sep;24(9):350–5. doi: 10.1016/s0968-0004(99)01442-5. PMID: 10470034.; Zhang B, Chernoff J, Zheng Y. Interaction of Rac1 with GTPase-activating proteins and putative effectors. A comparison with Cdc42 and RhoA. J Biol Chem. 1998 Apr 10;273(15):8776–82. doi: 10.1074/jbc.273.15.8776. PMID: 9535855.; Manser E, Chong C, Zhao Z, Leung T, Michael G, Hall C, Lim L. Molecular Cloning of a New Member of the p21-Cdc42/Rac-activated Kinase (PAK) Family. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 1995 Oct;270(42):25070–8. doi: 10.1074/jbc.270.42.25070.; Manser E, Leung T, Salihuddin H, Zhao ZS, Lim L. A brain serine/threonine protein kinase activated by Cdc42 and Rac1. Nature. 1994 Jan 06;367(6458):40–6. doi: 10.1038/367040a0. PMID: 8107774.

Metabolites

Calcium cation

Formula: Ca (39.962591)

CAS ID: 14127-61-8

ATP(4-)

Formula: C10H12N5O13P3 (502.9644492)

CAS ID:

GTP(4-)

Formula: C10H12N5O14P3 (518.9593642)

CAS ID: 86527-72-2

ADP(3-)

Formula: C10H12N5O10P2 (424.0059412)

CAS ID:



Enzyme

EC Number name full name note
2.7.11.1 non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase ATP:protein phosphotransferase (non-specific)
2.7.11.18 myosin-light-chain kinase ATP:[myosin light chain] O-phosphotransferase
3.1.3.16 protein-serine/threonine phosphatase protein-serine/threonine-phosphate phosphohydrolase
3.1.3.53 [myosin-light-chain] phosphatase [myosin-light-chain]-phosphate phosphohydrolase
3.6.5.2 small monomeric GTPase GTP phosphohydrolase (cell-regulating)


Proteins

Protein ID name full name