Retinoid metabolism and transport

Harrison EH. Mechanisms of digestion and absorption of dietary vitamin A. Annu Rev Nutr. 2005;25():87–103. doi: 10.1146/annurev.nutr.25.050304.092614. PMID: 16011460.; Harrison EH, Hussain MM. Mechanisms Involved in the Intestinal Digestion and Absorption of Dietary Vitamin A. The Journal of Nutrition. 2001 May;131(5):1405–8. doi: 10.1093/jn/131.5.1405.

Metabolites

all-trans-10'-Apo-beta-carotenal

Formula: C27H36O (376.2766006)

CAS ID: 640-49-3

beta-Carotene

Formula: C40H56 (536.4381776)

CAS ID: 7235-40-7

beta-Ionone

Formula: C13H20O (192.151407)

CAS ID: 79-77-6

Cholesterol

Formula: C27H46O (386.3548466)

CAS ID: 57-88-5

Fe2+

Formula: Fe (55.934939)

CAS ID: 15438-31-0

H+

Formula: H (1.0078246)

CAS ID: 12408-02-5

H2O

Formula: H2O (18.0105642)

CAS ID: 7732-18-5

Oxygen

Formula: O2 (31.98983)

CAS ID: 7782-44-7

Retinal

Formula: C20H28O (284.2140038)

CAS ID: 116-31-4

Retinol

Formula: C20H30O (286.229653)

CAS ID: 68-26-8

Retinyl palmitate

Formula: C36H60O2 (524.459306)

CAS ID: 79-81-2

hexadecanoate

Formula: C16H31O2 (255.2323926)

CAS ID: 143-20-4

NADPH(4-)

Formula: C21H26N7O17P3 (741.0598016)

CAS ID: 53-57-6

NADP(3-)

Formula: C21H25N7O17P3 (740.051977)

CAS ID: 53-59-8



Enzyme

EC Number name full name note
1.13.11.63 beta-carotene 15,15'-dioxygenase beta-carotene:oxygen 15,15'-dioxygenase (bond-cleaving)
2.3.1.135 phosphatidylcholine-retinol O-acyltransferase phosphatidylcholine:retinol---[cellular-retinol-binding-protein] O-acyltransferase
3.1.1.3 triacylglycerol lipase triacylglycerol acylhydrolase
3.1.1.4 phospholipase A2 phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase
3.1.1.5 lysophospholipase 2-lysophosphatidylcholine acylhydrolase


Proteins

Protein ID name full name