Gamma-carboxylation of protein precursors

Stenina O, Pudota BN, McNally BA, Hommema EL, Berkner KL. Tethered processivity of the vitamin K-dependent carboxylase: factor IX is efficiently modified in a mechanism which distinguishes Gla's from Glu's and which accounts for comprehensive carboxylation in vivo. Biochemistry. 2001 Aug 28;40(34):10301–9. doi: 10.1021/bi0107039. PMID: 11513608.; Spronk HMH, Farah RA, Buchanan GR, Vermeer C, Soute BAM. Novel mutation in the ?-glutamyl carboxylase gene resulting in congenital combined deficiency of all vitamin K–dependent blood coagulation factors. 2000 Nov 15;96(10):3650–2. doi: 10.1182/blood.v96.10.3650.h8003650_3650_3652.; Berkner KL. The Vitamin K–Dependent Carboxylase. The Journal of Nutrition. 2000 Aug;130(8):1877–80. doi: 10.1093/jn/130.8.1877.; Furie B, Bouchard BA, Furie BC. Vitamin K-Dependent Biosynthesis of ?-Carboxyglutamic Acid. 1999 Mar 15;93(6):1798–808. doi: 10.1182/blood.v93.6.1798.406k22_1798_1808.; Brenner B, Sa´nchez-Vega B, Wu S, Lanir N, Stafford DW, Solera J. A Missense Mutation in ?-Glutamyl Carboxylase Gene Causes Combined Deficiency of All Vitamin K-Dependent Blood Coagulation Factors. 1998 Dec 15;92(12):4554–9. doi: 10.1182/blood.v92.12.4554.424k42_4554_4559.; Bristol J, Ratcliffe J, Roth D, Jacobs M, Furie B, Furie B. Biosynthesis of prothrombin: intracellular localization of the vitamin K-dependent carboxylase and the sites of gamma-carboxylation. 1996 Oct 01;88(7):2585–93. doi: 10.1182/blood.v88.7.2585.bloodjournal8872585.; Morris DP, Stevens RD, Wright DJ, Stafford DW. Processive post-translational modification. Vitamin K-dependent carboxylation of a peptide substrate. J Biol Chem. 1995 Dec 22;270(51):30491–8. doi: 10.1074/jbc.270.51.30491. PMID: 8530480.

Metabolites

CO2

Formula: CO2 (43.98983)

CAS ID: 124-38-9

H2O

Formula: H2O (18.0105642)

CAS ID: 7732-18-5

Oxygen

Formula: O2 (31.98983)

CAS ID: 7782-44-7

Menatetrenone

Formula: C31H40O2 (444.302814)

CAS ID: 863-61-6



Enzyme

EC Number name full name note
3.4.21.21 coagulation factor VIIa
3.4.21.22 coagulation factor IXa
3.4.21.5 thrombin
3.4.21.6 coagulation factor Xa
3.4.21.69 Protein C (activated)
4.1.1.90 peptidyl-glutamate 4-carboxylase peptidyl-glutamate 4-carboxylase (2-methyl-3-phytyl-1,4-naphthoquinone-epoxidizing)


Proteins

Protein ID name full name