Metabolite Card

Formula: C3H7NO2 (89.0477)
SMILES: CNCC(O)=O

Synonyms [en]

sarcosine; N-methylglycine; (Methylamino)ethanoic acid; MeGly; L-sarcosine; Sarcosinic acid

Reviewed

Last reviewed on 2024-06-28.

Cite this Page

Sarcosine. 数据之源,洞见之始. SMRUCC genomics institute, a synthetic life researcher from China. https://biocad_registry.innovation.ac.cn/s/(-)-arctiin (retrieved 2026-01-03) (CAD Registry RN: BioCAD00000017559). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).

Note

Sarcosine is the N-methyl derivative of glycine. Sarcosine is metabolized to glycine by the enzyme sarcosine dehydrogenase, while glycine-N-methyl transferase generates sarcosine from glycine. Sarcosine is a natural amino acid found in muscles and other body tissues. In the laboratory it may be synthesized from chloroacetic acid and methylamine. Sarcosine is naturally found in the metabolism of choline to glycine. Sarcosine is sweet to the taste and dissolves in water. It is used in manufacturing biodegradable surfactants and toothpastes as well as in other applications. Sarcosine is ubiquitous in biological materials and is present in such foods as egg yolks, turkey, ham, vegetables, legumes, etc. Sarcosine is formed from dietary intake of choline and from the metabolism of methionine, and is rapidly degraded to glycine. Sarcosine has no known toxicity, as evidenced by the lack of phenotypic manifestations of sarcosinemia, an inborn error of sarcosine metabolism. Sarcosinemia can result from severe folate deficiency because of the folate requirement for the conversion of sarcosine to glycine (Wikipedia). Sarcosine has recently been identified as a biomarker for invasive prostate cancer. It was found to be greatly increased during prostate cancer progression to metastasis and could be detected in urine. Sarcosine levels were also increased in invasive prostate cancer cell lines relative to benign prostate epithelial cells (PMID: 19212411).

Entity Information

DBLinks

Other DBLinks
  • CAS Registry Number: 107-97-1
  • CAS Registry Number: 25951-24-0
  • CAS Registry Number: 68411-97-2
  • PubChem: 1088
  • PubChem: 111314
  • PubChem: 3513
  • PubChem: 7311726
  • ChEBI: ChEBI:15611
  • ChEBI: ChEBI:57433
  • HMDB: HMDB0000271
  • KEGG: C00213
  • BioCyc: SARCOSINE
  • NCBI MeSH: Sarcosine
  • Wikipedia: Sarcosine
  • DrugBank: DB12519
  • RefMet: RM0135925
  • MoNA: BAF_UVA_POS000964
  • MoNA: BAF_UVA_POS001599
  • MoNA: CCMSLIB00005720326
  • MoNA: EMBL-MCF_spec159796
  • MoNA: EMBL-MCF_spec159812
  • MoNA: EMBL-MCF_spec186420
  • MoNA: EMBL_MCF_2_0_HRMS_Library000100
  • MoNA: EMBL_MCF_2_0_HRMS_Library000347
  • MoNA: FiehnHILIC000755
  • MoNA: FiehnHILIC001506
  • MoNA: FiehnLib000981
  • MoNA: GLS00002
  • MoNA: HMDB0000271_c_ms_923
  • MoNA: HMDB0000271_ms_ms_472
  • MoNA: HMDB0000271_ms_ms_473
  • MoNA: HMDB0000271_ms_ms_474
  • MoNA: KO001799
  • MoNA: KO001800
  • MoNA: KO001801
  • MoNA: KO003987
  • MoNA: KO003988
  • MoNA: KO003989
  • MoNA: KO003990
  • MoNA: KO003991
  • MoNA: MoNA002052
  • MoNA: MoNA002053
  • MoNA: MoNA002054
  • MoNA: MoNA011336
  • MoNA: MoNA011337
  • MoNA: MoNA011338
  • MoNA: MoNA011339
  • MoNA: MoNA024337
  • MoNA: MoNA032288
  • MoNA: MoNA032289
  • MoNA: MoNA032290
  • MoNA: MoNA032749
  • MoNA: MoNA032750
  • MoNA: MoNA032751
  • MoNA: MoNA034260
  • MoNA: MoNA034262
  • MoNA: MoNA034263
  • MoNA: MoNA036192
  • MoNA: MoNA036194
  • MoNA: MoNA036195
  • MoNA: MoNA036501
  • MoNA: MoNA036502
  • MoNA: MoNA036503
  • MoNA: MoNA037067
  • MoNA: MoNA037234
  • MoNA: MoNA037951
  • MoNA: MoNA038494
  • MoNA: MoNA038612
  • MoNA: MoNA_0006670
  • MoNA: MoNA_0006671
  • MoNA: MoNA_0006672
  • MoNA: MoNA_0007896
  • MoNA: MoNA_0007897
  • MoNA: MoNA_0008073
  • MoNA: MoNA_0008390
  • MoNA: OUF00452
  • MoNA: PM000904
  • MoNA: PR010146
  • MoNA: PS033701
  • MoNA: PS033702
  • MoNA: PS033703
  • MoNA: PS033704
  • MoNA: PS033705
  • Metlin: METLIN_51
  • Coconut NaturalProduct: CNP0307073.0

Class / Ontology

Metabolic Network
ID EC Number Name
KEGG:R00367 2.1.1.20 S-adenosyl-L-methionine:glycine N-methyltransferase
KEGG:R00610 1.5.3.1 sarcosine:oxygen oxidoreductase (demethylating)
KEGG:R00611 1.5.8.3 sarcosine:electron-transfer flavoprotein oxidoreductase (demethylating)
KEGG:R01563 3.5.1.59 N-carbamoylsarcosine amidohydrolase
KEGG:R01564 1.5.3.10 N,N-dimethylglycine,5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate:oxygen oxidoreductase (demethylating,5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate-forming)
KEGG:R01565 1.5.8.4 N,N-dimethylglycine,5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate:electron-transferflavoprotein oxidoreductase (demethylating,5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate-forming)
KEGG:R01566 3.5.3.3 creatine amidinohydrolase
KEGG:R05862 1.4.3.19 sarcosine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
KEGG:R07227 1.21.4.3 acetyl-phosphate methylamine:thioredoxin disulfide oxidoreductase (N-methylglycine-forming)
KEGG:R07243 2.1.1.156 S-adenosyl-L-methionine:sarcosine N-methyltransferase
KEGG:R10061 2.1.1.157 S-adenosyl-L-methionine:sarcosine N-methyltransferase [betaine-forming]
KEGG:R12967 1.5.3.24 sarcosine,5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate:O2 oxidoreductase (demethylating,5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate-forming)
KEGG:R13028 1.5.7.3 N,N-dimethylglycine:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (demethylating)
KEGG:R13029 1.5.7.3 sarcosine:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (demethylating)
BioCyc:CREATINASE-RXN 3.5.3.3 WATER + CREATINE --> UREA + SARCOSINE
BioCyc:SARCOX-RXN 1.5.3.1 OXYGEN-MOLECULE + WATER + SARCOSINE --> GLY + FORMALDEHYDE + HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE
BioCyc:RXN-17959 4.7.1.1 S-ADENOSYLMETHIONINE + CPD-19239 + Donor-H2 --> CPD0-2463 + SARCOSINE + CH33ADO + MET + Acceptor
BioCyc:RXN-8673 1.4.3.19 SARCOSINE + WATER + OXYGEN-MOLECULE --> GLYOX + METHYLAMINE + HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE
BioCyc:1.21.4.3-RXN 1.21.4.3 SARCOSINE + Pi + Red-Thioredoxin + PROTON --> ACETYL-P + METHYLAMINE + WATER + Ox-Thioredoxin
BioCyc:DIMETHYLGLYCINE-DEHYDROGENASE-RXN 1.5.8.4 DIMETHYL-GLYCINE + THF-GLU-N + ETF-Oxidized + PROTON --> SARCOSINE + METHYLENE-THF-GLU-N + ETF-Reduced
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Organism Source

Taxonomy Source

  1. Agaricus campestris [ncbi taxid: 56157]
  2. Allium sativum [ncbi taxid: 4682]
  3. Biancaea sappan [ncbi taxid: 483143]
  4. Citrullus lanatus [ncbi taxid: 3654]
  5. Cyprinus carpio [ncbi taxid: 7962]
  6. Escherichia coli [ncbi taxid: 562]
  7. Homo sapiens [ncbi taxid: 9606]
  8. Hypericum japonicum [ncbi taxid: 282542]
  9. Mus musculus [ncbi taxid: 10090]

Pathway Synthetic

pathway id name
WikiPathways:WP2525 Trans-sulfuration, one-carbon metabolism and related pathways
WikiPathways:WP3604 Biochemical pathways: part I
WikiPathways:WP1770 One-carbon metabolism and related pathways
WikiPathways:WP4292 Methionine metabolism leading to sulfur amino acids and related disorders
WikiPathways:WP3125 One-carbon donor
WikiPathways:WP3940 One-carbon metabolism and related pathways
PathBank:SMP0120694 Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase Deficiency (DHPD)
PathBank:SMP0120718 Hypermethioninemia
PathBank:SMP0120754 Non-Ketotic Hyperglycinemia
PathBank:SMP0120770 Hyperglycinemia, Non-Ketotic
PathBank:SMP0108776 Sarcosine Oncometabolite Pathway
PathBank:SMP0000177 Cystathionine beta-Synthase Deficiency
PathBank:SMP0000340 Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Deficiency (MTHFRD)
PathBank:SMP0000242 Dimethylglycine Dehydrogenase Deficiency
PathBank:SMP0000223 Non-Ketotic Hyperglycinemia
PathBank:SMP0000484 Dimethylglycine Dehydrogenase Deficiency
PathBank:SMP0002313 Sarcosine Oncometabolite Pathway
PathBank:SMP0087338 Glycine and Serine Metabolism
PathBank:SMP0087342 Methionine Metabolism
PathBank:SMP0087466 Glycine and Serine Metabolism
View All Pathways