luteolin biosynthesis

Martens S, Mithöfer A. Flavones and flavone synthases. Phytochemistry. 2005 Oct;66(20):2399–407. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2005.07.013. PMID: 16137727.; Martens S, Forkmann G, Britsch L, Wellmann F, Matern U, Lukacin R. Divergent evolution of flavonoid 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases in parsley. FEBS Lett. 2003 Jun 05;544(1-3):93–8. doi: 10.1016/s0014-5793(03)00479-4. PMID: 12782296.; Kitada C, Gong Z, Tanaka Y, Yamazaki M, Saito K. Differential expression of two cytochrome P450s involved in the biosynthesis of flavones and anthocyanins in chemo-varietal forms of Perilla frutescens. Plant Cell Physiol. 2001 Dec;42(12):1338–44. doi: 10.1093/pcp/pce169. PMID: 11773526.; Lukacin R, Matern U, Junghanns KT, Heskamp ML, Britsch L, Forkmann G, Martens S. Purification and antigenicity of flavone synthase I from irradiated parsley cells. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2001 Sep 01;393(1):177–83. doi: 10.1006/abbi.2001.2491. PMID: 11516175.; Harborne JB, Williams CA. Advances in flavonoid research since 1992. Phytochemistry. 2000 Nov;55(6):481–504. doi: 10.1016/s0031-9422(00)00235-1. PMID: 11130659.; Martens S, Forkmann G. Cloning and expression of flavone synthase II from Gerbera hybrids. Plant J. 1999 Dec;20(5):611–8. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-313x.1999.00636.x. PMID: 10652133.; Britsch L. Purification and characterization of flavone synthase I, a 2-oxoglutarate-dependent desaturase. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 1990 Oct;282(1):152–60. doi: 10.1016/0003-9861(90)90099-k.; Peters NK, Frost JW, Long SR. A plant flavone, luteolin, induces expression of Rhizobium meliloti nodulation genes. Science. 1986 Aug 29;233(4767):977–80. doi: 10.1126/science.3738520. PMID: 3738520.

Metabolites

CO2

Formula: CO2 (43.98983)

CAS ID: 124-38-9

Eriodictyol

Formula: C15H12O6 (288.06338519999997)

CAS ID: 552-58-9

Fe2+

Formula: Fe (55.934939)

CAS ID: 15438-31-0

H+

Formula: H (1.0078246)

CAS ID: 12408-02-5

H2O

Formula: H2O (18.0105642)

CAS ID: 7732-18-5

Oxygen

Formula: O2 (31.98983)

CAS ID: 7782-44-7

2-oxoglutarate(2-)

Formula: C5H4O5 (144.00587339999998)

CAS ID: 64-15-3

succinate(2-)

Formula: C4H4O4 (116.01095839999999)

CAS ID: 56-14-4



Enzyme

EC Number name full name note
1.14.14.82 flavonoid 3'-monooxygenase flavonoid,[reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]:oxygen oxidoreductase (3'-hydroxylating)
1.14.19.76 flavone synthase II flavanone,[reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]:oxygen oxidoreductase (flavone-forming)


Proteins

Protein ID name full name