Lysine degradation II

Galili G, Amir R, Fernie AR. The Regulation of Essential Amino Acid Synthesis and Accumulation in Plants. Annu Rev Plant Biol. 2016 Apr 29;67():153–78. doi: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-043015-112213. PMID: 26735064.; Hildebrandt TM, Nunes Nesi A, Araújo WL, Braun HP. Amino Acid Catabolism in Plants. Mol Plant. 2015 Nov 02;8(11):1563–79. doi: 10.1016/j.molp.2015.09.005. PMID: 26384576.; Anderson OD, Coleman-Derr D, Gu YQ, Heath S. Structural and transcriptional analysis of plant genes encoding the bifunctional lysine ketoglutarate reductase saccharopine dehydrogenase enzyme. BMC Plant Biology. 2010 Jun 16;10(1):113. doi: 10.1186/1471-2229-10-113.; Taylor NL, Heazlewood JL, Day DA, Millar AH. Lipoic acid-dependent oxidative catabolism of alpha-keto acids in mitochondria provides evidence for branched-chain amino acid catabolism in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 2004 Feb;134(2):838–48. PMID: 14764908; PMCID: PMC344558.; Galili G, Tang G, Zhu X, Gakiere B. Lysine catabolism: a stress and development super-regulated metabolic pathway. Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2001 Jun;4(3):261–6. doi: 10.1016/s1369-5266(00)00170-9. PMID: 11312138.; Azevedo RA, Lea PJ. Lysine metabolism in higher plants. Amino Acids. 2001;20(3):261–79. doi: 10.1007/s007260170043. PMID: 11354603.; Zhu X, Tang G, Galili G. Characterization of the two saccharopine dehydrogenase isozymes of lysine catabolism encoded by the single composite AtLKR/SDH locus of Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 2000 Nov;124(3):1363–72. PMID: 11080311; PMCID: PMC59233.; Arruda P, Kemper EL, Papes F, Leite A. Regulation of lysine catabolism in higher plants. Trends Plant Sci. 2000 Aug;5(8):324–30. doi: 10.1016/s1360-1385(00)01688-5. PMID: 10908876.; Tang G, Miron D, Zhu-Shimoni JX, Galili G. Regulation of lysine catabolism through lysine-ketoglutarate reductase and saccharopine dehydrogenase in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell. 1997 Aug;9(8):1305–16. PMID: 9286108; PMCID: PMC156999.

Metabolites

2-Oxoadipate

Formula: C6H8O5 (160.0371718)

CAS ID: 3184-35-8

2-Oxoglutarate

Formula: C5H6O5 (146.0215226)

CAS ID: 328-50-7

CO2

Formula: CO2 (43.98983)

CAS ID: 124-38-9

Glutaryl-CoA

Formula: C26H42N7O19P3S (881.1468972000001)

CAS ID: 3131-84-8

H2O

Formula: H2O (18.0105642)

CAS ID: 7732-18-5

Lipoamide

Formula: C8H15NOS2 (205.05950199999998)

CAS ID: 940-69-2

NAD+

Formula: C21H28N7O14P2 (664.1169428000001)

CAS ID: 53-84-9

NADH

Formula: C21H29N7O14P2 (665.1247674)

CAS ID: 58-68-4

NADP+

Formula: C21H29N7O17P3 (744.0832754)

CAS ID: 53-59-8

NADPH

Formula: C21H30N7O17P3 (745.0911)

CAS ID: 2646-71-1

Succinyl-CoA

Formula: C25H40N7O19P3S (867.131248)

CAS ID: 604-98-8

L-2-Amino-6-oxohexanoic acid

Formula: C6H11NO3 (145.0738896)

CAS ID: 1962-83-0

L-lysinium(1+)

Formula: C6H15N2O2 (147.113347)

CAS ID: 56-87-1



Enzyme

EC Number name full name note


Proteins

Protein ID name full name