HDR through MMEJ (alt-NHEJ)

Sharma S, Javadekar SM, Pandey M, Srivastava M, Kumari R, Raghavan SC. Homology and enzymatic requirements of microhomology-dependent alternative end joining. Cell Death & Disease. 2015 Mar 19;6(3):e1697. doi: 10.1038/cddis.2015.58.; Mateos-Gomez PA, Gong F, Nair N, Miller KM, Lazzerini-Denchi E, Sfeir A. Mammalian polymerase ? promotes alternative NHEJ and suppresses recombination. Nature. 2015 Feb 12;518(7538):254–7. PMID: 25642960; PMCID: PMC4718306.; Ceccaldi R, Liu JC, Amunugama R, Hajdu I, Primack B, Petalcorin MI, O'Connor KW, Konstantinopoulos PA, Elledge SJ, Boulton SJ, Yusufzai T, D'Andrea AD. Homologous-recombination-deficient tumours are dependent on Pol?-mediated repair. Nature. 2015 Feb 12;518(7538):258–62. PMID: 25642963; PMCID: PMC4415602.; Kent T, Chandramouly G, McDevitt SM, Ozdemir AY, Pomerantz RT. Mechanism of microhomology-mediated end-joining promoted by human DNA polymerase ?. Nature Structural & Molecular Biology. 2015 Feb 02;22(3):230–7. doi: 10.1038/nsmb.2961.; Ghezraoui H, Piganeau M, Renouf B, Renaud J, Sallmyr A, Ruis B, Oh S, Tomkinson AE, Hendrickson E, Giovannangeli C, Jasin M, Brunet E. Chromosomal Translocations in Human Cells Are Generated by Canonical Nonhomologous End-Joining. Molecular Cell. 2014 Sep;55(6):829–42. doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2014.08.002.; Della-Maria J, Zhou Y, Tsai M, Kuhnlein J, Carney JP, Paull TT, Tomkinson AE. Human Mre11/Human Rad50/Nbs1 and DNA Ligase IIIa/XRCC1 Protein Complexes Act Together in an Alternative Nonhomologous End Joining Pathway. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2011 Sep;286(39):33845–53. doi: 10.1074/jbc.m111.274159.; Mansour WY, Rhein T, Dahm-Daphi J. The alternative end-joining pathway for repair of DNA double-strand breaks requires PARP1 but is not dependent upon microhomologies. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Oct;38(18):6065–77. PMID: 20483915; PMCID: PMC2952854.; Yun MH, Hiom K. CtIP-BRCA1 modulates the choice of DNA double-strand-break repair pathway throughout the cell cycle. Nature. 2009 May 21;459(7245):460–3. PMID: 19357644; PMCID: PMC2857324.; Liang L, Deng L, Chen Y, Li GC, Shao C, Tischfield JA. Modulation of DNA End Joining by Nuclear Proteins. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2005 Sep;280(36):31442–9. doi: 10.1074/jbc.m503776200.

Metabolites

H2O

Formula: H2O (18.0105642)

CAS ID: 7732-18-5

Nicotinamide

Formula: C6H6N2O (122.0480106)

CAS ID: 98-92-0

NAD(1-)

Formula: C21H26N7O14P2 (662.1012936000001)

CAS ID: 53-84-9



Enzyme

EC Number name full name note
3.1.-.-
2.7.7.49 RNA-directed DNA polymerase deoxynucleoside-triphosphate:DNA deoxynucleotidyltransferase (RNA-directed)
2.7.7.7 DNA-directed DNA polymerase deoxynucleoside-triphosphate:DNA deoxynucleotidyltransferase (DNA-directed)
3.6.4.12 DNA helicase
6.5.1.1 DNA ligase (ATP) poly(deoxyribonucleotide)-3'-hydroxyl:5'-phospho-poly(deoxyribonucleotide) ligase (ATP)


Proteins

Protein ID name full name