RAC1 GTPase cycle

Kowluru A. Potential roles of PP2A-Rac1 signaling axis in pancreatic ß-cell dysfunction under metabolic stress: Progress and promise. Biochemical Pharmacology. 2020 Oct;180():114138. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114138.; De P, Rozeboom BJ, Aske JC, Dey N. Active RAC1 Promotes Tumorigenic Phenotypes and Therapy Resistance in Solid Tumors. Cancers (Basel). 2020 Jun 11;12(6). PMID: 32545340; PMCID: PMC7352592.; Cannon AC, Uribe-Alvarez C, Chernoff J. RAC1 as a Therapeutic Target in Malignant Melanoma. Trends in Cancer. 2020 Jun;6(6):478–88. doi: 10.1016/j.trecan.2020.02.021.; Costa JF, Dines M, Lamprecht R. The Role of Rac GTPase in Dendritic Spine Morphogenesis and Memory. Front. Synaptic Neurosci. 2020 Apr 17;12(). doi: 10.3389/fnsyn.2020.00012.; Kotelevets L, Chastre E. Rac1 Signaling: From Intestinal Homeostasis to Colorectal Cancer Metastasis. Cancers (Basel). 2020 Mar 12;12(3). PMID: 32178475; PMCID: PMC7140047.; Sahajpal N, Kowluru A, Kowluru RA. The Regulatory Role of Rac1, a Small Molecular Weight GTPase, in the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy. J Clin Med. 2019 Jul 03;8(7). PMID: 31277234; PMCID: PMC6678477.; De P, Aske JC, Dey N. RAC1 Takes the Lead in Solid Tumors. Cells. 2019 Apr 26;8(5). PMID: 31027363; PMCID: PMC6562738.; Payapilly A, Malliri A. Compartmentalisation of RAC1 signalling. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2018 Oct;54():50–6. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2018.04.009. PMID: 29723737.; Acevedo A, González-Billault C. Crosstalk between Rac1-mediated actin regulation and ROS production. Free Radic Biol Med. 2018 Feb 20;116():101–13. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.01.008. PMID: 29330095.; Kowluru A. Tiam1/Vav2-Rac1 axis: A tug-of-war between islet function and dysfunction. Biochemical Pharmacology. 2017 May;132():9–17. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.02.007.; Winge MCG, Marinkovich MP. Epidermal activation of the small GTPase Rac1 in psoriasis pathogenesis. Small GTPases. 2017 May 04;10(3):163–8. doi: 10.1080/21541248.2016.1273861.; Zou T, Mao X, Yin J, Li X, Chen J, Zhu T, Li Q, Zhou H, Liu Z. Emerging roles of RAC1 in treating lung cancer patients. Clinical Genetics. 2016 Nov 24;91(4):520–8. doi: 10.1111/cge.12908.; Marei H, Malliri A. GEFs: Dual regulation of Rac1 signaling. Small GTPases. 2016 Jun 17;8(2):90–9. doi: 10.1080/21541248.2016.1202635.; Marinkovic G, Heemskerk N, van Buul JD, de Waard V. The Ins and Outs of Small GTPase Rac1 in the Vasculature. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 2015 Aug;354(2):91–102. doi: 10.1124/jpet.115.223610.; Tejada-Simon MV. Modulation of actin dynamics by Rac1 to target cognitive function. Journal of Neurochemistry. 2015 Apr 22;133(6):767–79. doi: 10.1111/jnc.13100.; Sylow L, Møller LL, Kleinert M, Richter EA, Jensen TE. Rac1--a novel regulator of contraction-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. Exp Physiol. 2014 Dec 01;99(12):1574–80. doi: 10.1113/expphysiol.2014.079194. PMID: 25239922.; de Curtis I. Roles of Rac1 and Rac3 GTPases during the development of cortical and hippocampal GABAergic interneurons. Front. Cell. Neurosci. 2014 Sep 25;8(). doi: 10.3389/fncel.2014.00307.

Metabolites

H2O

Formula: H2O (18.0105642)

CAS ID: 7732-18-5

GTP(4-)

Formula: C10H12N5O14P3 (518.9593642)

CAS ID: 86527-72-2



Enzyme

EC Number name full name note
3.6.5.2 small monomeric GTPase GTP phosphohydrolase (cell-regulating)


Proteins

Protein ID name full name