Transcriptional Regulation by VENTX

Umair Z, Kumar S, Kim DH, Rafiq K, Kumar V, Kim S, Park JB, Lee JY, Lee U, Kim J. Ventx1.1 as a Direct Repressor of Early Neural Gene zic3 in Xenopus laevis. Mol Cells. 2018 Dec 31;41(12):1061–71. PMID: 30590909; PMCID: PMC6315313.; Le Y, Gao H, Bleday R, Zhu Z. The homeobox protein VentX reverts immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment. Nature Communications. 2018 Jun 05;9(1):2175. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04567-0.; Scerbo P, Marchal L, Kodjabachian L. Lineage commitment of embryonic cells involves MEK1-dependent clearance of pluripotency regulator Ventx2. Elife. 2017 Jun 27;6(). PMID: 28654420; PMCID: PMC5487210.; Gao H, Wu B, Le Y, Zhu Z. Homeobox protein VentX induces p53-independent apoptosis in cancer cells. Oncotarget. 2016 Jun 28;7(26):39719–29. PMID: 27175592; PMCID: PMC5129965.; Baron VT, Pio R, Jia Z, Mercola D. Early Growth Response 3 regulates genes of inflammation and directly activates IL6 and IL8 expression in prostate cancer. British Journal of Cancer. 2015 Jan 29;112(4):755–64. doi: 10.1038/bjc.2014.622.; Trinh BQ, Barengo N, Kim SB, Lee JS, Zweidler-McKay PA, Naora H. The homeobox gene DLX4 regulates erythro-megakaryocytic differentiation by stimulating IL-1ß and NF-?B signaling. J Cell Sci. 2015 Aug 15;128(16):3055–67. PMID: 26208636; PMCID: PMC4541043.; Wu X, Gao H, Bleday R, Zhu Z. Homeobox Transcription Factor VentX Regulates Differentiation and Maturation of Human Dendritic Cells. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2014 May;289(21):14633–43. doi: 10.1074/jbc.m113.509158.; Scerbo P, Girardot F, Vivien C, Markov GV, Luxardi G, Demeneix B, Kodjabachian L, Coen L. Ventx Factors Function as Nanog-Like Guardians of Developmental Potential in Xenopus. PLoS ONE. 2012 May 14;7(5):e36855. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036855.; Wu X, Gao H, Ke W, Giese RW, Zhu Z. The homeobox transcription factor VentX controls human macrophage terminal differentiation and proinflammatory activation. J Clin Invest. 2011 Jul;121(7):2599–613. PMID: 21670496; PMCID: PMC3223833.; Zhong Y, Holland PW. Erratum to: The dynamics of vertebrate homeobox gene evolution: gain and loss of genes in mouse and human lineages. BMC Ecology and Evolution. 2011 Jul 13;11(1):204. doi: 10.1186/1471-2148-11-204.; Wu X, Gao H, Ke W, Hager M, Xiao S, Freeman MR, Zhu Z. VentX trans-Activates p53 and p16ink4a to Regulate Cellular Senescence. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2011 Apr;286(14):12693–701. doi: 10.1074/jbc.m110.206078.; Rawat VPS, Arseni N, Ahmed F, Mulaw MA, Thoene S, Heilmeier B, Sadlon T, D'Andrea RJ, Hiddemann W, Bohlander SK, Buske C, Feuring-Buske M. The vent-like homeobox gene VENTX promotes human myeloid differentiation and is highly expressed in acute myeloid leukemia. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2010 Sep 10;107(39):16946–51. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1001878107.; Gao H, Le Y, Wu X, Silberstein LE, Giese RW, Zhu Z. VentX, a novel lymphoid-enhancing factor/T-cell factor-associated transcription repressor, is a putative tumor suppressor. Cancer Res. 2010 Jan 01;70(1):202–11. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-09-2668. PMID: 20028861.; Rogers CD, Archer TC, Cunningham DD, Grammer TC, Silva Casey EM. Sox3 expression is maintained by FGF signaling and restricted to the neural plate by Vent proteins in the Xenopus embryo. Developmental Biology. 2008 Jan;313(1):307–19. doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2007.10.023.; Moretti PA, Davidson AJ, Baker E, Lilley B, Zon LI, D'Andrea RJ. Molecular cloning of a human Vent-like homeobox gene. Genomics. 2001 Aug;76(1-3):21–9. doi: 10.1006/geno.2001.6574. PMID: 11549314.; Imai Y, Gates MA, Melby AE, Kimelman D, Schier AF, Talbot WS. The homeobox genes vox and vent are redundant repressors of dorsal fates in zebrafish. Development. 2001 Jun;128(12):2407–20. doi: 10.1242/dev.128.12.2407. PMID: 11493559.; Davidson AJ, Zon LI. Turning mesoderm into blood: the formation of hematopoietic stem cells during embryogenesis. Curr Top Dev Biol. 2000;50():45–60. doi: 10.1016/s0070-2153(00)50003-9. PMID: 10948449.; Onichtchouk D, Gawantka V, Dosch R, Delius H, Hirschfeld K, Blumenstock C, Niehrs C. The Xvent-2 homeobox gene is part of the BMP-4 signalling pathway controlling [correction of controling] dorsoventral patterning of Xenopus mesoderm. Development. 1996 Oct;122(10):3045–53. doi: 10.1242/dev.122.10.3045. PMID: 8898218.

Metabolites



Enzyme

EC Number name full name note
2.1.1.-
2.1.1.367 [histone H3]-lysine9 N-methyltransferase S-adenosyl-L-methionine:[histone H3]-L-lysine9 N6-methyltransferase
2.3.2.23 E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme S-ubiquitinyl-[E1 ubiquitin-activating enzyme]-L-cysteine:[E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme] ubiquitinyl transferase
2.3.2.24 (E3-independent) E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme S-ubiquitinyl-[E1 ubiquitin-activating enzyme]-L-cysteine:L-lysine ubiquitinyl transferase ([E3 ubiquitin transferase]-independent)
2.7.10.1 receptor protein-tyrosine kinase ATP:[protein]-L-tyrosine O-phosphotransferase (receptor-type)
3.6.4.13 RNA helicase


Proteins

Protein ID name full name