pyruvate fermentation to acetoin III

Stivers JT, Washabaugh MW. Catalysis of acetoin formation by brewers' yeast pyruvate decarboxylase isozymes. Biochemistry. 1993 Dec 14;32(49):13472–82. doi: 10.1021/bi00212a012. PMID: 8257682.; Bertagnolli BL, Hager LP. Role of Flavin in Acetoin Production by Two Bacterial Pyruvate Oxidases. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 1993 Jan;300(1):364–71. doi: 10.1006/abbi.1993.1049.

Metabolites

Acetaldehyde

Formula: C2H4O (44.0262134)

CAS ID: 75-07-0

CO2

Formula: CO2 (43.98983)

CAS ID: 124-38-9

H+

Formula: H (1.0078246)

CAS ID: 12408-02-5

pyruvate

Formula: C3H3O3 (87.00821880000001)

CAS ID: 57-60-3

thiamine(1+) diphosphate(3-)

Formula: C12H16N4O7P2S (422.0214926)

CAS ID:



Enzyme

EC Number name full name note
4.1.1.-
4.1.1.43 phenylpyruvate decarboxylase phenylpyruvate carboxy-lyase (phenylacetaldehyde-forming)
4.1.1.72 branched-chain-2-oxoacid decarboxylase (3S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate carboxy-lyase (2-methylbutanal-forming)
4.1.1.74 indolepyruvate decarboxylase 3-(indol-3-yl)pyruvate carboxy-lyase [(2-indol-3-yl)acetaldehyde-forming]


Proteins

Protein ID name full name
P06169 PDC1 Pyruvate decarboxylase isozyme 1
P16467 PDC5 Pyruvate decarboxylase isozyme 2
P26263 PDC6 Pyruvate decarboxylase isozyme 3