gamma-Carotene (BioCAD00000011384)

blood breast milk plant natural products microbial natural products

Metabolite Card

Formula: C40H56 (536.4382)
SMILES: CC(C)=CCC\C(C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C

Synonyms [en]

gamma-Carotene; beta,psi-Carotene; γ-Carotene; DTXSID60871657; \u0152\u2265-Carotene;gamma-Carotene; all-trans-gamma-Carotene

Reviewed

Last reviewed on 2024-06-28.

Cite this Page

gamma-Carotene. 数据之源，洞见之始. SMRUCC genomics institute, a synthetic life researcher from China. https://biocad_registry.innovation.ac.cn/s/(-)-arctiin (retrieved 2026-01-03) (CAD Registry RN: BioCAD00000011384). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).

Note

gamma-Carotene is a cyclic carotene obtained by the cyclization of lycopene. It is found in human serum and breast milk (PMID: 9164160). Carotenoids are isoprenoid molecules that are widespread in nature and are typically seen as pigments in fruits, flowers, birds, and crustacea. Animals are unable to synthesize carotenoids de novo and rely upon the diet as a source of these compounds. Over recent years there has been considerable interest in dietary carotenoids with respect to their potential in alleviating age-related diseases in humans. This attention has been mirrored by significant advances in cloning most of the carotenoid genes and in the genetic manipulation of crop plants with the intention of increasing levels in the diet. Studies have shown an inverse relationship between the consumption of certain fruits and vegetables and the risk of epithelial cancer. Since carotenoids are among the micronutrients found in cancer-preventive foods, detailed qualitative and quantitative determination of these compounds, particularly in fruits and vegetables and in human plasma, have recently become increasingly important (PMID: 1416048, 15003396).

Entity Information

DBLinks

Other DBLinks
  • CAS Registry Number: 472-93-5
  • PubChem: 5280791
  • ChEBI: ChEBI:27740
  • HMDB: HMDB0112262
  • LipidMaps: LMPR01070260
  • KEGG: C05435
  • BioCyc: CPD1F-126
  • Wikipedia: Gamma-carotene
  • RefMet: RM0186862
  • MoNA: CA000163
  • MoNA: MSJ00141
  • Metlin: METLIN_41350
  • Metlin: METLIN_41480
  • Coconut NaturalProduct: CNP0274742.0
  • Coconut NaturalProduct: CNP0310568.1

Class / Ontology

Metabolic Network
ID EC Number Name
KEGG:R03824 5.5.1.19 carotenoid beta-end group lyase (decyclizing)
KEGG:R04803 C05434 + C00007 + C00030<=>C05435 + 2 C00001 + C00028
KEGG:R05341 5.5.1.19 carotenoid beta-end group lyase (decyclizing)
KEGG:R07516 4.2.1.131 lycopene hydro-lyase (1-hydroxy-1,2-dihydrolycopene-forming)
KEGG:R07540 C05435<=>C15907
KEGG:R07541 1.3.99.39 gamma-carotene:acceptor oxidoreductase/methyltranferase (phi-ring forming)
KEGG:R07542 C05435<=>C15910
KEGG:R07548 C05435<=>C15919
KEGG:R07552 C05435<=>C15933
KEGG:R07555 C05435<=>C15940
KEGG:R07852 C05435<=>C15935
Rhea:RHEA:32220 5.5.1.19 all-trans-lycopene => γ-carotene
Rhea:RHEA:32221 5.5.1.19 γ-carotene => all-trans-lycopene
Rhea:RHEA:32222 5.5.1.19 all-trans-lycopene <=> γ-carotene
Rhea:RHEA:32240 5.5.1.19 γ-carotene => all-trans-β-carotene
Rhea:RHEA:32241 5.5.1.19 all-trans-β-carotene => γ-carotene
Rhea:RHEA:32242 5.5.1.19 γ-carotene <=> all-trans-β-carotene
BioCyc:RXN-16055 4.2.1.131 CPD1F-126 + WATER --> CPD-11446
BioCyc:RXN1F-150 5.5.1.19 CPD1F-114 --> CPD1F-126
BioCyc:RXN-19142 1.3.5.6 CPD-7419 + ETR-Quinones --> CPD1F-126 + ETR-Quinols
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Organism Source

Taxonomy Source

  1. Acacia adunca [ncbi taxid: 204988]
  2. Acacia aulacocarpa [ncbi taxid: 138511]
  3. Adiantum lunulatum [ncbi taxid: ]
  4. Agrobacterium aurantiacum [ncbi taxid: 44155]
  5. Alstonia spathulata [ncbi taxid: ]
  6. Amathia pinnata [ncbi taxid: ]
  7. Anacystis montana [ncbi taxid: ]
  8. Anemone flaccida [ncbi taxid: ]
  9. Annona cornifolia [ncbi taxid: 502529]
  10. Arabidopsis thaliana [ncbi taxid: 3702]
  11. Ardisia neriifolia [ncbi taxid: 2184479]
  12. Artemisia assoana [ncbi taxid: 1227617]
  13. Aspidosperma subincanum [ncbi taxid: 2743209]
  14. Asterospicularia laurae [ncbi taxid: 1540332]
  15. Astragalus sempervirens [ncbi taxid: 1532287]
  16. Bishovia boliviensis [ncbi taxid: ]
  17. Blastochloris viridis [ncbi taxid: 1079]
  18. Calendula officinalis [ncbi taxid: 41496]
  19. Calendula spp. [ncbi taxid: ]
  20. Calostephane divaricata [ncbi taxid: 1548555]
  21. Canarium schweinfurthii [ncbi taxid: 533031]
  22. Capsicum annuum [ncbi taxid: 4072]
  23. Caragana aurantiaca [ncbi taxid: 626687]
  24. Carica papaya [ncbi taxid: 3649]
  25. Chaenomeles sinensis [ncbi taxid: ]
  26. Chara aspera [ncbi taxid: 69330]
  27. Chara contraria [ncbi taxid: 69334]
  28. Chara globularis [ncbi taxid: 69338]
  29. Chara hispida [ncbi taxid: 37303]
  30. Chara polyacantha [ncbi taxid: ]
  31. Chara rudis [ncbi taxid: 1304951]
  32. Chara spp. [ncbi taxid: ]
  33. Chara tomentosa [ncbi taxid: 69346]
  34. Chlorobium tepidum [ncbi taxid: ]
  35. Citrullus lanatus [ncbi taxid: 3654]
  36. Citrullus vulgaris [ncbi taxid: ]
  37. Coccinella septempunctata [ncbi taxid: 41139]
  38. Cotyledon secunda [ncbi taxid: ]
  39. Cryptocarya aschersoniana [ncbi taxid: 1345236]
  40. Cuscuta spp. [ncbi taxid: ]
  41. Cytisus scoparius [ncbi taxid: 3835]
  42. Daucus carota [ncbi taxid: 4039]
  43. Daucus carota var. sativa [ncbi taxid: ]
  44. Diospyros kaki [ncbi taxid: 35925]
  45. Drechslera avenae [ncbi taxid: 33199]
  46. Dumortiera hirsuta [ncbi taxid: 56917]
  47. Elaeis spp. [ncbi taxid: ]
  48. Erwinia herbicola strain Eho10 [ncbi taxid: ]
  49. Erwinia herbicola strain Eho13 [ncbi taxid: ]
  50. Erwinia uredovora [ncbi taxid: ]
  51. Eucalyptus melliodora [ncbi taxid: 183838]
  52. Euglena gracilis [ncbi taxid: 3039]
  53. Euglena rubida mainx [ncbi taxid: ]
  54. Eupatorium argentinum [ncbi taxid: ]
  55. Flavobacterium sp. Strain R1534 [ncbi taxid: ]
  56. Gnetum latifolium [ncbi taxid: 225592]
  57. Goniothalamus malayanus [ncbi taxid: 261094]
  58. Guatteria boliviana [ncbi taxid: 343271]
  59. Hedysarum connatum [ncbi taxid: ]
  60. Helipterum roseum [ncbi taxid: ]
  61. Hypericum laricifolium [ncbi taxid: 1136989]
  62. Ipomoea digitata [ncbi taxid: ]
  63. Juniperus brevifolia [ncbi taxid: 746017]
  64. Laurencia spectabilis [ncbi taxid: ]
  65. Leathesia nana [ncbi taxid: ]
  66. Lepisorus ussuriensis [ncbi taxid: 699700]
  67. Lonicera japonica [ncbi taxid: 105884]
  68. Lycopersicon esculentum [ncbi taxid: ]
  69. Lysimachia mauritiana [ncbi taxid: 306286]
  70. Macrosiphum liriodendri [ncbi taxid: ]
  71. Marrubium anisodon [ncbi taxid: 2291693]
  72. Momordica cochinchinensis [ncbi taxid: 3674]
  73. Myxococcus xanthus [ncbi taxid: 34]
  74. Nasutitermes ephratae [ncbi taxid: 114633]
  75. Naucleopsis ternstroemiiflora [ncbi taxid: 241899]
  76. Neolentinus lepideus [ncbi taxid: 38799]
  77. Nephroselmis rotunda [ncbi taxid: 344402]
  78. Nitella opaca [ncbi taxid: 97465]
  79. Ononis spinosa [ncbi taxid: 58890]
  80. Oscillatoria princeps [ncbi taxid: 132603]
  81. Passiflora edulis [ncbi taxid: 78168]
  82. Pastinaca sativa [ncbi taxid: 4041]
  83. Peltostigma guatemalense [ncbi taxid: 1136780]
  84. Penicillium spp. [ncbi taxid: ]
  85. Peritassa compta [ncbi taxid: ]
  86. Phoebe pittieri [ncbi taxid: ]
  87. Premna odorata [ncbi taxid: 1037421]
  88. Pseudoalteromonas luteoviolacea [ncbi taxid: 43657]
  89. Psiadia dentata [ncbi taxid: 1225829]
  90. Psidium guajava [ncbi taxid: 120290]
  91. Rauvolfia vomitoria [ncbi taxid: 403115]
  92. Rheedia acuminata [ncbi taxid: ]
  93. Rhodobacter sphaeroides [ncbi taxid: ]
  94. Rhodotorula minuta [ncbi taxid: ]
  95. Rumex maritimus [ncbi taxid: 467604]
  96. Sabina sargentii [ncbi taxid: ]
  97. Salvia syriaca [ncbi taxid: 1685717]
  98. Scutellaria amoena [ncbi taxid: 1052904]
  99. Sinularia depressa [ncbi taxid: ]
  100. Solanum laxum [ncbi taxid: 205558]
  101. Solanum lycopersicum [ncbi taxid: 4081]
  102. Sorangium compositum [ncbi taxid: ]
  103. Streptomyces avermectinius [ncbi taxid: ]
  104. Streptomyces griseus [ncbi taxid: 1911]
  105. Swertia franchetiana [ncbi taxid: 50785]
  106. Symphyocladia latiuscula [ncbi taxid: 396806]
  107. Synechococcus sp. strain PCC7942 [ncbi taxid: ]
  108. Vaccinium oxycoccos [ncbi taxid: 516948]
  109. Viguiera incana [ncbi taxid: 1048928]
  110. Vitis vinifera [ncbi taxid: 29760]
  111. Wikstroemia retusa [ncbi taxid: 1872696]
  112. Zanthoxylum tetraspermum [ncbi taxid: ]
  113. Zea mays [ncbi taxid: 4577]
  114. Coccinella septempunctata [ncbi taxid: 41139]
  115. Macrosiphum liriodendri [ncbi taxid: ]

Pathway Synthetic

pathway id name
BioCyc:META_PWY-7938 isorenieratene biosynthesis I (actinobacteria)
BioCyc:SCO_PWY-5943 β-carotene biosynthesis
BioCyc:META_CAROTENOID-PWY superpathway of carotenoid biosynthesis in plants
BioCyc:META_PWY-7939 chlorobactene biosynthesis
BioCyc:META_PWY-7591 okenone biosynthesis
BioCyc:META_PWY-5943 β-carotene biosynthesis
BioCyc:SCO_CAROTENOID-PWY superpathway of carotenoid biosynthesis
BioCyc:PABTQVLC_PWY-5943 β-carotene biosynthesis
BioCyc:META_PWY-7393 β-carotene biosynthesis (engineered)
BioCyc:ARA_PWY-5943 β-carotene biosynthesis
BioCyc:SYNEL_PWY-5943 β-carotene biosynthesis
Plant Reactome:R-OAU-2744345 Metabolism and regulation
Plant Reactome:R-TAE-2744344 Secondary metabolism
Plant Reactome:R-TAE-1119449 Carotenoid biosynthesis
Plant Reactome:R-MES-2744345 Metabolism and regulation
Plant Reactome:R-TDI-2744345 Metabolism and regulation
Plant Reactome:R-OGU-1119449 Carotenoid biosynthesis
Plant Reactome:R-GSU-2744344 Secondary metabolism
Plant Reactome:R-PTI-2744345 Metabolism and regulation
Plant Reactome:R-GMA-2744345 Metabolism and regulation
View All Pathways